摘要结核分枝杆菌（MTB）感染导致的结核病仍然是全球公共卫生的巨大挑战。耐多药结核病（MDR-TB）和广泛耐药结核病（XDR-TB）菌株使得结核病治疗更加困难。不断研发新遗传工具，探索MTB生理，有望发现新的药物靶点。其中，最近用于MTB研究的成簇规律间隔短回文重复序列干扰（CRISPRi）与高通量测序相结合，为揭示MTB生理和遗传提供了基础。本文综述了CRISPRi在MTB生物学研究中的应用及技术发展。

abstractsTuberculosis, caused by infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), remains a global public health challenge. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) strains make tuberculosis more difficult to control. New tools to study the biology of MTB can identify novel targets for drug discovery. Recently, the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats interference (CRISPRi) combined with next-generation sequencing has provided many novel insights into the physiology and genetics of MTB. This review summarizes the application and optimization of CRISPRi in MTB biology.