摘要阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）是睡眠中频繁发生呼吸暂停和（或）低通气，导致间歇低氧、高碳酸血症和睡眠结构紊乱，进而导致多系统损害。其病理生理学机制包括解剖结构异常、低觉醒阈值、高环路增益、肌肉反应性差等。由于OSA的潜在机制（即内型）存在个体差异，因而其治疗有效性及其预后也可能因取决于这些特征而不同。了解OSA的内型对于理解哪些患者最有可能通过非无创通气治疗消除OSA至关重要。量化内型是OSA精准治疗的核心，可为临床基于内型精准治疗OSA提供依据。

abstractsObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the frequent occurrence of apnea and/or hypopnea during sleep, leading to intermittent hypoxia, hypercapnia, and disruption of sleep architecture, further resulting in multisystem damage. The pathophysiological mechanisms include abnormal anatomical structure, low arousal threshold, high loop gain, and poor muscle reactivity, etc. As there are individual differences in the underlying mechanisms of OSA (i.e. endotypes), the effectiveness of treatment and prognosis may also vary according to these characteristics. Understanding the endotype of OSA is critical to understanding which patients are most likely to benefit from non-invasive ventilation therapy. Quantification of endotypes is central to the precision treatment of OSA and may provide the basis for accurate clinical treatment of OSA based on endotypes.