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目的 探讨文化程度与成年女性代谢综合征(MS)患病率之间的关系,并进一步分析这种关系的性质,对以往相关研究结论进行验证.方法 选取北京市X医院的810名女性职工为分析对象,采用问卷调查和体格检查收集相关资料.文化程度被操作化为受教育程度和受教育年数,并通过方差分析和logistic回归分析检验文化程度是否是MS的独立影响因素.结果 以受教育程度为影响变量,腰围、舒张压、收缩压、甘油三酰(TG)和空腹血糖(FPG)水平随着受教育程度的提高而显著降低,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平随着受教育程度的提高而显著上升(P＜0.05).以受教育年数为影响变量,受教育年数越多,腰围、舒张压、收缩压、TG和FPG指标水平越低,HDL-C在不同受教育年数的被调查者中差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).在多因素logistic回归分析中,受教育程度和受教育年数对MS患病率均有显著的影响作用,但引入文化程度与年龄的交互项后,文化程度的独立影响作用消失.文化程度虽然对被调查者MS患病率有重要影响(相对于初等教育程度者,中等教育程度者MS患病率降低约63％,高等教育程度者降低约92％；受教育年数每增加1年,MS患病率降低约21％),但并非独立危险因素,年龄作为个体的重要人口学特征与文化程度有着显著的交互作用.结论 因此,在防治MS和降低MS患病率方面,除了针对不同文化程度人群采用不同的教育方式和干预措施,还应考虑年龄差异及其影响.

Objective To analyze the association between metabolic syndrome (MS) and education level in women.Methods A total of 810 adult females (aged 20 to 60 years) from specified hospital of Beijing were enrolled in this investigation. Questionnaires and physical examinations were completed to collect data. Education level was indicated as degree of education and length of schooling. Analysis of Variance and logistic regression were used for data analysis. Results Significant differences of waist circumstance,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure and fasting blood glucose were found among respondents with different education level ( all P ＜ 0.05 ).Lower education level was positively associated with risk of MS when adjusted for cigarette smoking,alcohol consumption,food intake,medical history of critical illness and genetic disease,socioeconomic status,and stress.After adjustment for age,the effect wasn't significant anymore.Conclusion Education level may show important effects on MS among women.