摘要目的 分析企业员工健康危险因素对健康相关工作效率低下的影响.方法 选择济南市某医院和北京市某出版企业为现场,采用横断面调查设计,问卷收集两企业员工的人口统计学、健康危险因素及健康相关工作效率的资料,采用多元logistic回归方法分析健康危险因素对健康相关工作效力低下的影响.结果 所调查员工的13个健康危险因素中,体力活动少的员工所占比例最大(47.81％),其次分别为工作压力大(45.75％)、超重及肥胖(40.68％)、血压偏高(40.00％)、膳食不合理(33.56％).不同年龄(x2 =10.1665,P=0.0377)、不同职业(x2=35.3579,P＜0.05)、不同学历(x2 =50.5377,P＜0.05)的员工出现工作效率低下的几率不同.女性更易发生工作效率低下(P=0.0323,OR=1.728,95％CI1.047～2.850),相对于高中及以下学历,硕士及以上学历的员工更易发生工作效率低下(P ＜0.05,OR =6.159,95％CI2.510 ～ 15.109).超重/肥胖较体重正常者更易发生工作效率低下(P =0.0076,OR=1.673,95％CI1.147 ～2.44),自我健康感差者较自我感觉良好者更易发生工作效率低下(P =0.0049,OR=2.284,95％CI1.285 ～4.060).结论 超重或肥胖、自我健康感差与健康相关工作效率低下存在相关性.

abstractsObjective To analyze the effects of health risk factors on presenteeism in enterprise employees.Methods A hospital in Jinan of Shandong province and a publishing enterprise in Beijing were selected as target settings of this cross-sectional study. Questionnaire survey was carried out to collect information on demographic data,health condition and presenteeism,and multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the influence of health risk factors on labor-related presenteeism.Results Insufficient physical activity was found in 42％ percent of the participants,and those with heavy-loaded pressure,overweight or obesity,high blood pressure and unhealthy diet habit accounted for 46％,41％,40％ and 34％,respectively. Proportions of employees with presenteeism varied with age ( x2 =10.1665,P =0.0377),occupation ( x2 =35.3579,P ＜ 0.05 ) and education level ( x2 =50.5377,P ＜ 0.05 ).Female employees ( P =0.0323,OR =1.728,95％ CI 1.047 to 2.850),graduates ( P ＜ 0.05,OR =6.159,95％ CI 2.510 to 15.109),overweight or obesity individuals ( P =0.0076,OR =1.673,95％ CI 1.147 to 2.44) and adults with poor self-perception of health ( P =0.0049,OR =2.284,95％ CI 1.285 to 4.060)seemed to be more likely to be presenteeism.Conclusions Overweight or obesity and poor self-perception of health may be associated with labor-related presenteeism.