摘要目的 回顾性分析已知大肠癌临床资料,为伺机性筛查策略及方案制定提供依据.方法 收集2001年10月至2011年9月间华北地区五家医院收治的、具有完整记录并经组织学检查确诊的2450例大肠癌患者资料,分析年龄、性别、肿瘤发生部位和组织学类型与大肠癌发病的相关性.结果 大肠癌患者中男性1377例,女性1073例;男∶女为1.28∶1;50岁以下占所有大肠癌病例的18.14％,50岁以上呈明显上升趋势;直乙结肠癌占73.00％,其他部位占27.00％(降结肠、横结肠、升结肠癌分别为6.12％,6.98％和13.9％);中分化腺癌占50.33％,高分化腺癌占40.35％,低分化腺癌占9.32％;分化程度与诊断年龄无明显相关性分化程度与诊断年龄、性别无明显相关性(P＞0.05).结论 50岁以下大肠癌所占比例上升,年轻化趋势,伺机性筛查不宜做年龄限制;推荐全结肠镜检查作为伺机性筛查精查手段;伺机性筛查不考虑性别差异.

abstractsObjective To retrospectively analyze medical data of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) so as to provide evidence for clinical use of opportunistic screening.Methods A total of 2450 CRC patients (male 1377,female 1073) who were treated at five hospitals in North China during October 2001 and September 2011 and had complete medical records and pathological results were recruited.The correlations of incidence of CRC with age,gender,tumor location and histological types were analyzed.Results Of all the CRC patients,those less than 50 years old accounted for 18.14％ ; and the incidence of CRC was substantially increased in those over 50 years old.Seventy-three percent of tumor occurred at the rectum and sigmoid colon,6％ at descending colon,7％ at transverse colon and 14％ at ascending colon.Moderately,well or poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma accounted for 50.33％,40.35％and 9.32％,respectively.Histological differentiation was not correlated with age and gender ( P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusions Age and gender should not be considered a determination of opportunistic screening for CRC.Colonoscopy is recommended as an alternative CRC screening procedure.