摘要目的 了解器官移植患者的健康管理需求与满意度,为今后该类人群的健康管理提供参考.方法 调查数据来自2011年“中国移植患者健康状况调研项目”.调查内容为移植患者的疾病与药物相关知识、生理管理、心理管理、社会关系支持管理等需求与满意度评价.统计分析采用x2检验对同一健康管理内容的需求度和满意度的差异进行分析.结果 调查对象对肝肾移植、免疫抑制剂使用知识管理的需求度和满意度评价之间差异有统计学意义(x2=22.2、34.2,P均＜0.05),需求评价为“非常重要”的比例显著高于满意度评价“非常满意”的比例；对胃口、精力状态和身体舒适度等生理知识管理的需求度和满意度评价之间差异有统计学意义(x2 =25.5,30.7、26.3,P均＜0.05),需求度评价为“非常重要”的比例显著高于其满意度评价“非常满意”的比例；对如何受人尊重、得到家人的理解和支持、与同事或朋友间的信任、心理压力管理、个人价值实现和事业成功等心理管理的需求度和满意度评价之间差异有统计学意义(x2=46.5、43.4、39.2、19.2、31.9和23.7,P均＜0.05),需求评价为“非常重要”的比例显著高于回答“非常满意”的比例；对如何获得社会帮助、结交朋友、休闲娱乐活动和提高性生活质量等社会关系支持管理需求度和满意度评价之间存在统计学意义(x2 =117.7、258.4、59.6和33.3,P均＜0.05),其需求重要性评价为“非常重要”的比例显著高于“非常满意”的比例.结论 疾病与药物管理、生理、心理和社会支持等方面的健康管理是影响移植患者健康状况的重要因素,但是目前患者管理状况与其需求尚有较大差距.

abstractsObjective To learn current needs of and satisfaction with health management among liver or kidney transplant recipients.Methods Our data,including needs of and satisfaction with physical or mental management and social supports,were from China Transplant Recipients Health Research Project.Chi-square test was used for data analysis.Results There was a gap between needs of and satisfaction with knowledge management of surgical operation and medication (x2 values were 22.2 and 34.2,respectively ; both P ＜0.05).No significant difference was found between needs of and satisfaction with knowledge management of appetite,energy status and physical comfort (x2 values were 25.5,30.7 and 26.3,respectively; all P ＜0.05).Difference between needs of and satisfaction with respection or understanding and support from family numbers,trust by colleagues and friends,stress release,personal performance and success,social support,friend making,leisure and entertainment activities,and improved quality of life was statistically significant (x2 values were 46.5,43.4,39.2,19.2,31.9,23.7,117.7,258.4,59.6 and 33.3,respectively ; all P ＜0.05).Conclusion Management of disease,medication,and physiological-psychological-social supports may affect health outcomes of transplant recipients,and current health management system could not meet the needs of this population.