检索历史 清除

目的 调查北京市某医院体检人群糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)检出率及危险因素.方法 对2014年3月至2015年2月北京同仁医院体检中心健康体检者进行眼底检查、收集病史、测量身高、体重、腰围、臀围、血压,检测血糖、血脂、肝功能、肾功能,共计15434人进入研究.应用Binary Logistic回归调整年龄和性别后对DR的危险因素进行评估.结果 体检人群中糖尿病患者DR检出率为7.0%(既往糖尿病9.3%,新发糖尿病2.8%).调整年龄和性别后分析DR的危险因素,发现糖尿病病程[OR(95%CI):2.1(1.564~2.752),P<0.001]、空腹血糖[OR(95%CI):1.2(1.093~1.273),P<0.001]、体质指数[OR(95% CI):1.8(1.010~3.100),P=0.046]及三酰甘油[OR(95% CI):0.794(0.638~0.987),P=0.038]是DR的独立危险因素.结论 建议可以在体检人群中行眼底照相(免散瞳)筛查,以便早期发现并有效预防视力受损及失明的发生.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in a Beijing population during routine medical examinations. Methods This was a cross-sectional study during a routine health examination at the Tongren Hospital of Beijing,from March 2014 to February 2015. Fundus photography was conducted by experienced ophthalmologists.Medical history,height,weight,waist and hip circumference,and blood pressure were recorded.Routine laboratory examinations were performed. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of diabetic retinopathy for each risk factor,adjusted for age and gender. Results The prevalence of DR was 7.0% among diabetic individuals.The multivariate analysis showed that disease durations[OR(95% CI),2.1 (1.564-2.752),P<0.001],fasting plasma glucose[1.2(1.093-1.273),P<0.001],body mass index[1.8(1.010-3.100),P=0.046],and triglyceride[0.794(0.638-0.987),P=0.038]were independently associated with DR. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and DR significantly increased in populations aged>30 years. Conclusion Fundus photography (nonmydriatic) should be recommended as a routine screening method for people 30 years and elder to effectively prevent occurrence of visual impairment and blindness.