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目的 探讨浙江省不同性别老年人膳食微量元素摄入与代谢综合征及其组分的关系.方法 根据代谢综合征的诊断标准将参加医学体检的780位老年人(男404人,女376人)进行分组,且按性别用非参数检验方法分析组间微量元素摄入情况,并用Logistic回归方法探讨微量元素与代谢综合征及其组分的关系.结果 浙江省老年人膳食锰、锌、硒的缺乏率较高(男性分别是30.45%、72.52%、75.74%;女性分别是47.34%、33.78%、80.59%).老年男性肥胖组的铁、硒摄入量较非肥胖组高,高血压组铁、锌和硒的摄入量较非高血压组低,高血糖组和高三酰甘油组的硒摄入量高于非高血糖组和非高三酰甘油组,充足的铁[OR(95%CI):0.41(0.19,0.87)]、硒[OR(95%CI):0.30(0.14,0.63)]摄入量对高血压有保护作用,而高铜[OR(95%CI):2.35(1.18,4.71)]摄入可增加高血糖的危险性;老年女性代谢综合征组的锌摄入量低于非代谢综合征组,高血压组的铜、锌和硒摄入量低于非高血压组,高血糖组的铁、锰和锌摄入量较非高血糖组低,低高密度脂蛋白组的硒摄入量低于非低高密度脂蛋白组,高锌[OR(95%CI):3.21(1.36,7.59)]和高硒[OR(95%CI):2.79(1.24,6.27)]摄入可增加患肥胖的危险性,适宜量的铜[OR(95%CI):0.37(0.19,0.72)]摄入对高血压起保护作用.结论 浙江省老年人微量元素缺乏率较高,微量元素摄入与代谢综合征或及其组分相关联,应依据中国居民膳食营养素参考摄入量及膳食指南对浙江省老年人进行膳食指导,改善老年人微量元素摄入不合理现状以促进健康.

Objective To explore the relationship between microelement intake and metabolic syndrome (MS) in elderly males and females in Zhejiang province. Methods Non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to compare the intake of microelements by sex among different groups according to the diagnostic criteria of MS in 780 people(404 male,376 female).Logistic regression was used to explore the association between microelements and MS and its components.Results The percentages of inadequate intake of Mn,Zn and Se were relatively high among elderly people of Zhejiang province(males:30.45%,72.52%,75.74%;females:47.34%,33.78%,80.59%,respectively).Microelement intake in males were higher than females(P<0.05).The intake of Fe and Se were higher in the abdominal obesity group than the non-abdominal obesity group among elderly males,the intakes of Fe,Zn,Se in hypertension group were lower, and Se intake was higher in hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia groups. Furthermore, enough intake of Fe(odds ratio OR,0.41;95% confidence interval CI:0.19,0.87)and Se(OR,0.30;95% CI:0.14, 0.63)decreased the risk of hypertension,and high Cu(OR,2.35;95% CI:1.18,4.71)intake increased the risk of hyperglycemia.Among females,Zn intake in the MS group was lower than in the non-MS group;the intakes of Cu, Zn and Se in the hypertension group were lower; the intakes of Fe, Mn and Zn in the hyperglycemia group were lower as well;and Se intake was lower in the low HDL-C group.Again,the high intake of Zn (OR, 3.21; 95% CI: 1.36, 7.59) and Se (OR, 2.79; 95% CI: 1.24, 6.27) increased the risk of abdominal obesity, but moderate intake of Cu (OR, 0.37; 95% CI: 0.19, 0.72) had a protective effect on hypertension. Conclusions The percentages of inadequate microelement intake were relatively high in elderly people of Zhejiang province. There is a relationship between dietary microelements and MS or its components. It is necessary to guide elderly people to adopt reasonable diet by referring to the Chinese dietary reference intake and Dietay Guidelines in order to improve the situation of microelements intake and promote health.