摘要目的:分析不同性别健康体检人群握力提升与身体成分及代谢紊乱改善的相关性。方法:本研究为回顾性队列研究，连续选取2018年1月至2022年11月于北京大学第三医院体检中心先后完成≥2次健康体检和握力测试的600例受检者，收集其一般资料、体格检查、生化指标、身体成分及握力结果。第1次体检进行握力测试后根据个人测评结果给予运动建议进行适当抗阻力量练习，举行1次健康讲座，每星期通过微信公众号推送健康运动相关信息，第2次体检同时完成握力测试，计算前后2次测试结果的差值变化，采用广义估计方程分析不同性别健康体检人群握力提升与身体成分及代谢紊乱改善的相关性。结果:男性及女性第2次体重指数［（25.50±3.66）比（25.33±3.74）kg/m 2、（22.41±3.55）比（22.25±3.46）kg/m 2］、握力［（42.71±7.30）比（41.77±7.36）kg、（25.28±5.30）比（23.98±4.87）kg］均显著高于第1次，舒张压［（72.79±10.30）比（74.47±9.85）mmHg（1 mmHg=0.133 kPa）、（66.93±8.90）比（68.92±9.42）mmHg］、同型半胱氨酸［（17.96±14.09）比（19.27±14.26）μmol/L、（9.47±3.91）比（10.26±3.90）μmol/L］均显著低于第1次（均 P<0.05）；男性第2次低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）显著低于第1次［（2.94±0.78）比（3.00±0.69）mmol/L］，女性第2次收缩压、尿酸显著低于第1次［（109.34±12.85）比（110.54±12.32）mmHg、（276.91±62.46）比（287.16±68.78）μmol/L］，腰臀比显著高于第1次（85.8%±5.1%比85.4%±5.0%）（均 P<0.05）。男性天冬氨酸氨基转移酶下降（ OR=0.932，95% CI：0.888~0.978）、骨骼肌指数升高（ OR=75.370，95% CI：29.012~195.806）均与握力提升呈正相关（均 P<0.05）；女性同型半胱氨酸下降（ OR=0.876，95% CI：0.782~0.982）、糖化血红蛋白下降（ OR=0.423，95% CI：0.222~0.805）、骨骼肌指数升高（ OR=22.918，95% CI：11.114~47.256）均与握力提升呈正相关（均 P<0.05）。 结论:不同性别健康体检人群握力提升与身体成分及代谢紊乱改善趋势呈正相关。

abstractsObjective:To explore the correlation between grip strength promotion and improvement of body composition and metabolic disorders in health examination population of different genders.Methods:In this retrospective cohort study, clinical data of 600 people who received health examination and grip strength check-up two times or more in the Medical Examination Center of Peking University Third Hospital from January 2018 to November 2022 were selected. The general data, physical examination, biochemical parameters, body composition and grip strength results were collected. After the first physical examination, the grip strength test was conducted, appropriate resistance strength exercises were given based on individual evaluation results. A health lecture was held, and the information related to health exercise was pushed through WeChat official account every week. The grip strength test was completed at the same time at the second physical examination, and the difference between the two test results was calculated before and after the second physical examination. The generalized estimation equation was used to analyze the correlation between the improvement of grip strength and the improvement of body composition and metabolic disorders in different gender health-check population.Results:In man and women, the body mass index [(25.50±3.66) vs (25.33±3.74) kg/m 2, (22.41±3.55) vs (22.25±3.46) kg/m 2] and grip strength [(42.71±7.30) vs (41.77±7.36) kg, (25.28±5.30) vs (23.98±4.87) kg] at the second health check-up were all significantly higher than those at the first time, and the diastolic blood pressure [(72.79±10.30) vs (74.47±9.85) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), (66.93±8.90) vs (68.92±9.42) mmHg] and serum homocysteine [(17.96±14.09) vs (19.27±14.26) μmol/L, (9.47±3.91) vs (10.26±3.90) μmol/L] were all significantly lower than those at the first time (all P<0.05). Among man, the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) at the second physical examination was significantly lower than that at the first time [(2.94±0.78) vs (3.00±0.69) mmol/L] (all P<0.05). Among women, the systolic blood pressure and uric acid at the second health check-up were both significantly lower than those at the first time [(109.34±12.85) vs (110.54±12.32) mmHg, (276.91±62.46) vs (287.16±68.78) μmol/L], and the waist-hip ratio was significant higher (85.8%±5.1% vs 85.4%±5.0%) (all P<0.05). In males, the decreased aspartate aminotransferase ( OR=0.932, 95% CI: 0.888-0.978) and the increased skeletal muscle index ( OR=75.370, 95% CI: 29.012-195.806) were both positively correlated with the elevation of grip strength (all P<0.05); and in females, the decreased homocysteine ( OR=0.876, 95% CI: 0.782-0.982) and glycosylated hemoglobin ( OR=0.423, 95% CI: 0.222-0.805) and increased skeletal muscle index ( OR=22.918, 95% CI: 11.114-47.256) were all positively correlated with the elevation of grip strength (all P<0.05). Conclusion:There is a positive correlation between the improvement of grip strength and the improvement trend of body composition and metabolic disorders in in health examination population of different genders.