摘要目的:探讨高海拔地区慢性阻塞性肺疾病（简称慢阻肺）患者的临床特征及管理策略。方法:采用观察性横断面研究，连续纳入2020年8月3日至11月30日在西藏自治区人民医院及北京大学第三医院呼吸科门诊就诊的符合条件的79例稳定期慢阻肺患者进行分析，其中拉萨组44例、北京组35例。对两组的人口统计学特征、危险因素、呼吸道症状、合并疾病、用药情况及肺功能进行对比分析；进一步对拉萨组中的吸烟者（15例）和非吸烟者（29例）的临床特征进行分组比较。结果:拉萨组女性比例显著高于北京组（56.8%比0， P<0.001），吸烟比例显著低于北京组（34.1%比100%， P<0.001），生物燃料暴露比例显著高于北京组（86.4%比0， P<0.001）。拉萨组慢阻肺自我评估测试（CAT）评分均值显著高于北京组（21.27比9.17， P<0.001）。拉萨组既往1年急性加重≥2次的比例显著高于北京组（31.8%比11.4%， P=0.032）。拉萨组第1秒用力呼气容积占预计值百分比（FEV 1%预计值）中位数显著高于北京组（63%比38%， P<0.001）。拉萨组使用吸入糖皮质激素加长效β 2受体激动剂（ICS/LABA）、吸入长效抗M-胆碱受体药物（LAMA）的比例均显著低于北京组（4.5%比60.0%、0比65.7%，均 P<0.001）。拉萨组中吸烟者和非吸烟者的CAT评分、既往1年急性加重次数和肺功能差异均无统计学意义。 结论:与北京地区相比，生活在拉萨地区的慢阻肺患者以女性为主，吸烟比例低，生物燃料暴露比例高，尽管他们的肺功能更好，但其呼吸道症状更重，既往1年急性加重更频繁，且大多数患者没有得到规范的药物治疗。

abstractsObjective:To study the clinical characteristics and management strategies of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in high-altitude areas.Methods:An observational cross-sectional study was conducted in 79 stable COPD patients who visited the outpatient of Respiratory Medicine at Tibet Autonomous Region People′s Hospital and Peking University Third Hospital from August 3 rd 2020 to November 30 th 2020. Patients were divided into Lhasa group ( n=44) and Beijing group ( n=35). The differences of clinical characteristics including demographic characteristics, risk factors, respiratory symptoms, comorbidities, medications and spirometry were analyzed. Further comparative analysis was conducted on the clinical characteristics of smokers ( n=15) and non-smokers ( n=29) in Lhasa group. Results:The proportion of female patients and biofuel exposure in Lhasa group was significantly higher than Beijing group (56.8% vs 0, 86.4% vs 0, both P<0.001). The proportion of smokers in Lhasa group was significantly lower than Beijing group (34.1% vs 100%, P<0.001). The mean score of COPD assessment test (CAT) in Lhasa group was significantly higher than Beijing group (21.27 vs 9.17, P<0.001). The proportion of acute exacerbations ≥2 in the past year in Lhasa group was significantly higher than Beijing group (31.8% vs 11.4%, P=0.032). The median percentage of forced vital capacity in the first second of predicted value (FEV 1%pred) of patients in Lhasa group was significantly higher than Beijing group (63% vs 38%, P<0.001). The proportion of patients treated by inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting β 2-agonist (ICS/LABA) and inhaled long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA) in Lhasa group was significantly lower than Beijing group (4.5% vs 60.0%, 0 vs 65.7%, both P<0.001). There were no significant differences in CAT score, number of acute exacerbations in the past year and lung function between smokers and non-smokers in Lhasa group. Conclusions:Compared with those patients in Beijing, the majority of patients with COPD living in Lhasa are female, with a low proportion of smokers and a high proportion of biofuel exposure. Although their lung function is better, their respiratory symptoms are more severe with more acute exacerbations in the past year, and most patients do not receive standardized medication.