摘要目的:调查分析2021年天津市医疗机构健康管理（体检）服务能力现况。方法:本研究为横断面研究，采用普查法通过问卷调查获取天津市86家医疗机构2021年健康管理（体检）服务能力情况，问卷内容包括机构基本情况、人力资源及设备、体检项目开展、年体检量、信息化程度及质量控制指标完成情况等，共发放问卷86份，收回有效问卷86份（100%）。采用Mann-Whitney U检验、 χ2检验比较公立与社会办医机构健康管理（体检）各项指标差异，分析天津市医疗机构健康管理（体检）服务能力现况。 结果:纳入分析的86家医疗机构中，公立性质53家（61.6%），社会办医性质33家（38.4%）。在基本情况方面，公立机构所属综合医院、医疗机构级别为三级的比例以及健康管理（体检）业务开展时间均显著高于社会办医机构［62.3%比30.3%、62.3%比0、11（7，5）年比7（5，10）年］，独立设置比例、体检区域总面积均显著低于社会办医机构［33.3%比98.1%、1 011（600，1 000）m 2比2 000（1 395，2 782）m 2］（均 P<0.05）；在从业人员方面，2021年天津市健康管理（体检）从业人员共2 964人，年龄43（35，56）岁，公立机构男性、兼职、护理、中级职称、主检医师、健康管理师比例以及从事健康管理时间均显著高于社会办医机构［20.6%比17.5%、20.7%比8.1%、33.8%比23.4%、40.7%比27.3%、7.1%比3.9%、13.8%比4.7%、6（3，11）年比5（3，8）年］（均 P<0.05）；在业务开展方面，公立机构中医治未病管理、心理健康管理、高血压风险管理、健康管理签约服务、肺结节管理、健康管理干预方案、健康风险评估、健康教育项目开展率均显著高于社会办医机构（24.5%比0、28.3%比0、35.8%比15.2%、39.6%比15.2%、41.5%比12.1%、50.9%比18.2%、66.0%比36.4%、83.0%比42.4%），年健康体检人次、团体及个人体检人次均显著低于社会办医机构［18 625（11 844，27 998）人次比38 384（10 832，46 927）人次、14 818（8 803，23 915）人次比28 663（4 982，41 927）人次、2 179（1 221，3 588）人次比5 784（1 461，12 156）人次］（均 P<0.05）。在6项健康体检质量控制指标中，两种类型机构的腰臀围测量完成率均较低（均<40%）。 结论:相比公立机构，天津市社会办医机构健康管理（体检）人才梯队建设和服务开展水平仍有待提升。

abstractsObjective:To investigate and analyze the current status of health management (physical examination) service capabilities of medical institutions in Tianjin in 2021.Methods:It was a cross-sectional study. Using the census method, a questionnaire survey was conducted to obtain the health management (physical examination) service capabilities of 86 medical institutions in Tianjin in 2021. The questionnaire covered the basic information of the institution, human resources and equipment, physical examination items carried out, the annual number of people receiving physical examination, the degree of informatization, and the completion of quality control indicators. In this survey, a total of 86 questionnaires were distributed and 86 valid questionnaires were collected (100%). Mann-Whitney U test and χ2 test were used to compare the differences of health management (physical examination) indicators between public and private medical institutions, and to analyze the current health management (physical examination) service capabilities of medical institutions in Tianjin. Results:Among the 86 medical institutions included in the analysis, 53 (61.6%) were public institutions and 33 (38.4%) were private medical institutions. In terms of basic information, the proportion of comprehensive hospitals and level-3 medical institutions belonging to public institutions, as well as the time of health management (physical examination) business development, were significantly higher than those of private medical institutions [62.3% vs 30.3%, 62.3% vs 0, 11 (7, 5) years vs 7 (5, 10) years], and the proportion of independent setup of the physical examination center and the business area of health management (physical examination) were significantly lower than those of private institutions[33.3% vs 98.1%, 1 011 (600, 1 000) m 2 vs 2 000 (1 395, 2 782) m 2] (all P<0.05). In terms of practitioners, there were 2 964 health management (physical examination) practitioners in Tianjin in 2021, aged 43 (35, 56) years. The proportion of male practitioners, part-time practitioners, nurses, practitioners with intermediate professional title, chief inspection physician, health management specialist in public institutions and the time engaged in health management work of employees were all significantly higher than those in private medical institutions [20.6% vs 17.5%, 20.7% vs 8.1%, 33.8% vs 23.4%, 40.7% vs 27.3%, 7.1% vs 3.9%, 13.8% vs 4.7%, 6 (3, 11) years vs 5 (3, 8) years] (all P<0.05). In terms of business development, the implementation rates of preventive medical management, mental health management, hypertension risk management, health management contract service, pulmonary nodule management, health management intervention plan, health risk assessment, and health education programs in public institutions were significantly higher than those in private medical institutions (24.5% vs 0, 28.3% vs 0, 35.8% vs 15.2%, 39.6% vs 15.2%, 41.5% vs 12.1%, 50.9% vs 18.2%, 66.0% vs 36.4%, 83.0% vs 42.4%), and the annual health physical examination person-times, group and individual physical examination person-times in public institutions were significantly lower than those in private institutions [18 625 (11 844, 27 998) to 38 384 (10 832, 46 927), 14 818 (8 803, 23 915) to 28 663 (4 982, 41 927), 2 179 (1 221, 3 588) to 5 784 (1 461, 12 156)] (all P<0.05). Among the six quality control indicators of health examination, the completion rates of waist-hip circumference measurement in both types of institutions were low (<40%). Conclusion:Compared with public institutions, the talent echelon construction and service capability of health management (physical examination) in private medical institutions in Tianjin still needs to be improved.