摘要目的:分析2019年吸烟对天津市居民死亡和期望寿命的影响。方法:本研究采用死亡病例对照研究方法，收集2019年度天津市居民全死因病例进行分析，调整5岁年龄组、受教育程度、婚姻状况后，分析吸烟导致不同性别不同疾病死亡的风险和归因死亡情况，不同年龄组吸烟归因死亡情况，以及对期望寿命的影响。结果:2019年死亡总数为75 254例，男性42 201例（56.1%），男性死亡者中，有3 215例（9.9%）可归因于吸烟所致，其中吸烟引起肺癌的归因死亡2 157例（50.2%）；吸烟者肺癌的死亡风险是不吸烟者的3.075倍（95% CI：2.812~3.364）；33 053例（43.9%）女性死亡者中，1 396例（5.8%）死亡是由于吸烟所致，其中吸烟引起肺癌的归因死亡744例（29.1%）。女性归因于吸烟的死亡人数最高的年龄组为75~<80岁年龄组，其次为70~<75和80~<85岁年龄组，男性归因于吸烟死亡比例最高的为55~<60岁年龄组，此外60~<65、45~<50、55~<60、65~<70岁年龄组吸烟所致死亡占比均>60%。2019年天津市全体居民归因于吸烟的死亡造成的期望寿命损失为1.13岁，其中男性损失1.15岁，女性损失0.57岁。去除由吸烟导致的死亡人数的期望寿命为82.92岁，男性为80.77岁，女性为84.61岁。 结论:吸烟仍是导致居民死亡的重要危险因素之一。采取有效措施降低吸烟率是提升期望寿命的有效方法。

abstractsObjective:Analyze the impact of smoking on the mortality and life expectancy of residents in Tianjin in 2019.Methods:Use mortality case-control study method to collect all cause of death cases of residents in Tianjin in 2019 for analysis. After adjusting for the 5-years-old age group, education level, and marital status, the smoking attributed deaths from different diseases of different genders, smoking attributed deaths in different age groups, and their impact on life expectancy were analyzed.Results:The total number of deaths in 2019 was 75 254, with 42 201 males (56.1%). Among male deaths, 3 215 (9.9%) were attributed to smoking, of which 2 157 (50.2%) lung cancer deaths were attributed to smoking; The risk of lung cancer death among smokers was 3.075 times higher than that of non-smokers (95% CI: 2.812-3.364); Among the 33 053 female deaths (43.9%), 1 396 (5.8%) were caused by smoking, with 744 (29.1%) lung cancer deaths attributed to smoking. The age group with the highest number of deaths attributed to smoking for women was the 75-<80 years old age group, followed by the 70-<75 and 80-<85 years old age groups. The age group with the highest proportion of deaths attributed to smoking for men was the 55-<60 years old age group. In addition, smoking accounts for more than 60% of deaths in the 60-<65, 45-<50, 55-<60, and 65-<70 years old age groups. In 2019, the loss of life expectancy attributed to smoking deaths among all residents in Tianjin was 1.13 years, with a loss of 1.15 years for males and 0.57 years for females. The expected life expectancy excluding deaths caused by smoking was 82.92 years, 80.77 years for males and 84.61 years for females. Conclusions:Smoking remains one of the important risk factors for death among residents. Promoting effective measures to reduce smoking rates is an effective way to increase life expectancy.