摘要联合抗反转录病毒治疗（cART）是目前抗人免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染的主要治疗措施。由于血-脑屏障（ BBB ）的阻隔，某些抗病毒药物在中枢神经系统不能达到有效药物浓度，使得这一部位成为病毒潜藏库。 BBB主要由人脑微血管内皮细胞（ HBMVECs ）及其之间的紧密连接形成，星形胶质细胞伪足也参与BBB形成。位于BBB及脑实质细胞上的特定转运蛋白参与中枢神经系统药物外排。由此，人们探寻了纳米材料等一系列增加药物进入中枢神经系统以及降低药物神经毒性的措施。该文对上述最新研究成果进行综述。

abstractsCombined antiretroviral therapy ( cART) is widely used for infections of human immune deficiency virus ( HIV) .However , some antiviral drugs can not reach the effective concentrations in central nervous system due to the hinder of blood-brain barrier ( BBB) , resulting in the formation of viral reservoir in central nervous system .BBB is formed by human brain microvascular endothelial cells ( HBMVECs ) , which are connected by tight junction and a thick basement membrane , and astrocytic end-feet.This paper reviews possible mechanisms of BBB hindrance and anti-HIV drug efflux by transport proteins , as well as effective methods to deliver antiretroviral drugs into brain , including the application of nano technology .