摘要目的 分析干扰素λ3基因(IFNL3)/干扰素λ4基因(IFNL4)单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)对HIV-1感染患者应用高效抗逆转录病毒治疗(HAART)的影响.方法 收集2015年6月至12月浙江大学医学院附属第一医院应用HAART≥1年的63例HIV-1成年患者.采用定量聚合酶链反应(qPCR)定量检测患者血浆HIV-1 RNA、外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)的HIV-1 DNA水平和外周血SNPs.应用磁珠法检测血浆炎性细胞因子水平,并采用流式细胞仪检测外周血CD4 +T和CD8 +T淋巴细胞计数.根据抗病毒治疗应答情况将患者分为HIV-1 RNA低表达组(<100拷贝/mL)和高表达组(≥100拷贝/mL);根据淋巴细胞计数将患者分为CD4 +T淋巴细胞低表达组(<250个/μL)和高表达组(≥250个/μL);根据外周血HIV-1 DNA水平将患者分为HIV-1 DNA低表达组(<100拷贝/106个细胞)和高表达组(≥100个拷贝/106个细胞).分析IFNL3/IFNL4的SNPs、炎性细胞因子在HIV-1 RNA、HIV-1 DNA和CD4 +T淋巴细胞各亚组的分布和水平,以及SNPs与炎性细胞因子的关系.采用SPSS 18.0软件对数据进行分析.结果 rs368234815、rs8099917和 rs4803223在HIV-1 RNA低表达组和高表达组的分布差异具有统计学意义(χ2=0.043、0.047和0.032,P值均<0.05).IL-10在HIV-1 RNA低表达组较高表达组下降(U=4.00,P<0.05);IL-13水平在HIV-1 RNA高表达组和HIV-1 DNA高表达组较相对应组下降(U=0.00和2.00,P<0.05);IL-21水平在HIV-1 RNA高表达组及CD4 +T淋巴细胞低表达组较相对应组下降(U=3.00和2.00,P<0.05); IL-28A水平则在HIV-1 RNA高表达组、HIV-1 DNA高表达组和CD4 +T淋巴细胞低表达组均下降(U=3.00、0.50和3.00,P<0.05或 <0.01).此外,rs368234815与 IL-21相关(H =6.690,P <0.05),IL-21在rs368234815ΔG/ΔG[131.88(2.66,174.00)]亚型的表达高于 TT/TT[6.79(2.81, 26.48)](P <0.05);rs4803223与IFN-γ相关(H=6.690,P<0.05),IFN-γ在GG亚型[62.26(19.45,96.49)]中的表达要高于GA亚型[6.98(2.19, 99.14)](P<0.05).结论 IFNL3/IFNL4的rs368234815, rs8099917和rs4803223可能与HIV-1患者应用HAART治疗效果、炎性因子表达相关,并可能影响HAART疗效.

abstractsObjective To investigate the associations of IFNL3/IFNL4 single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)with the efficacy of highly active antiretroviral therapy(HAART)in patients with HIV-1 infection.Methods Sixty-three adult patients with HIV-1 infection receiving HAART for at least 1 year in the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine were enrolled.HIV-1 RNA loads in plasma and HIV-1 DNA loads in peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs),and blood SNPs were detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR).Plasma inflammatory cytokines were examined by magnetic beads method,and the CD4 +T and CD8 +T lymphocyte counts in peripheral blood were measured by flow cytometry.According to response to HAART,the patients were classified as low HIV-1 RNA group(viral load <100 copies/mL)and high HIV-1 RNA group(viral load≥100 copies/mL);according to CD4+T lymphocyte counts,the patients were defined as low CD4+T cell group(<250 cells/μL), and high CD4+T cell group(≥250 cells/μL);according to HIV-1 DNA levels,the patients were divided into low(<100 copies/106cells)and high(≥100 copies/106cells)HIV-1 DNA groups.Results Three candidate SNPs rs368234815,rs8099917 and rs4803223 had significantly different distribution between low and high HIV-1 RNA groups(χ2=0.043,0.047 and 0.032,all P<0.05).The levels of interleukin(IL)-10 were declined in the low HIV-1 RNA group(U=4.00,P<0.05);the levels of IL-13 were decreased in the high HIV-1 RNA group and the high HIV-1 DNA group(U=0.00 and 2.00,both P<0.05);the levels of IL-21 were reduced in the high HIV-1 RNA group and in the low CD4 +T cell group(U=3.00 and 2.00, both P<0.05),the levels of IL-28A were decreased in the high HIV-1 RNA group,the high HIV-1 DNA group,and the low CD4 +T cell group(U=3.00, 0.50 and 3.00,P<0.05 or <0.01).In addition, rs368234815 was associated with IL-21 level(H=6.690,P<0.05),the IL-21 level in rs368234815 ΔG/ΔG [131.88(2.66,174.00)]was higher than that in TT/TT[6.79(2.81,26.48)](P<0.05);rs4803223 was correlated with IFN-γlevel(H=6.690, P<0.05),the IFN-γlevel in GG subtype[62.26(19.45, 96.49)]was higher than that in GA subtype[6.98(2.19, 99.14)](P<0.05).Conclusion The polymorphisms of IFNL3/IFNL4 rs368234815, rs8099917 and rs4803223 are associated with efficacy of HAART and immune-associated cytokines levels in patients with HIV-1 infection.