摘要非结核分枝杆菌(Nontuberculous mycobacteria ,NTM)是艾滋病患者住院及病死率上升的主要原因. HIV合并NTM感染与结核病的诊治不尽相同,针对不同细菌,治疗药物的选择不同,病变累及的组织器官不同,疗程也不同,而且涉及到抗NTM和抗HIV治疗两个方面,药物的不良反应和依从性以及药物的相互作用均会影响治疗效果.中华医学会热带病与寄生虫学分会艾滋病学组基于我国艾滋病合并NTM病的流行及诊治现状,参考既往相关指南,并结合国际指南制订了《人类免疫缺陷病毒／艾滋病患者合并非结核分枝杆菌感染诊治专家共识》,本文对此作一解读.

abstractsNontuberculous mycobacterium ( NTM ) infection is the main cause of the increased hospitalization and mortality of HIV／AIDS patients.The diagnosis and treatment of HIV infection combined with NTM is different from that of tuberculosis : the drugs are selected according to the responsible microorganisms and treatment courses depend on the involved organs and tissues in NTM infection .Besides, the combined administration of anti-HIV and anti-NTM agents would cause drug interaction , increase adverse reactions, affect patients’ compliance and treatment outcomes.Based on the disease prevalence and current diagnosis and treatment status , referring relevant Chinese and international guidelines , the AIDS Professional Group, Society of Tropical Disease and Parasitology of Chinese Medical Association has developed this expert consensus, this article makes an interpretation of this consensus.