摘要新型冠状病毒感染(COVID-19)自2019年底出现以来在全球迅速蔓延，人群普遍易感，导致数亿人感染并出现数百万的死亡病例，截止目前世界卫生组织仍继续列为"国际关注的突发公共卫生事件"。为确保COVID-19重症患者能够被"早发现、早识别、早干预"，降低COVID-19重症转化率和病死率，以及进一步规范化COVID-19抗病毒药物的应用，国家传染病医学中心2023年1月在《新型冠状病毒感染诊疗方案(试行第十版)》的基础上组织编写了《新型冠状病毒感染者抗病毒治疗专家共识》(简称《专家共识》)。本文对《专家共识》的主要观点进行解读，主要包括新型冠状病毒(简称新冠病毒)的流行现状与病原学特点、新冠病毒感染的临床特点与分型、重点介绍了新冠病毒感染抗病毒药物，新冠病毒感染患者居家治疗用药指导以及出院后管理指导等内容。该共识是首部从多学科角度系统复习、归纳和分析COVID-19抗病毒药物应用的重要文献，可为各级医疗机构在COVID-19救治中抗病毒药物选择方面提供指导和参考。

abstractsNovel coronavirus infection(COVID-19)has spread rapidly around the world since its emergence in 2019, with universal susceptibility of the population, causing hundreds of millions of infections and millions of deaths worldwide. Recently, the World Health Organization reconfirmed that COVID-19 is still a public health emergency of international concern. In order to ensure the early detection, identification and intervention of severe COVID-19 cases, reduce the disease severity and mortality, and further standardize the application of antiviral drugs for treatment, the National Center for Infectious Diseases (NCID) has invited experts to develop the Expert Consensus on Antiviral Therapy of COVID-19 based on the Diagnosis and Treatment Guideline for COVID-19 ( Trial version 10) in January 2023. The expert consensus is an important document that systematically reviews, summarizes and analyzes the application of antiviral drugs for COVID-19 from a multidisciplinary perspective for the first time, and can provide guidance and reference for medical institutions at all levels in the selection of antiviral drugs for COVID-19. This article aims to interpret the main points of the expert consensus, including the current epidemiological situation and pathogenic characters of novel coronavirus, clinical characteristics and classification of COVID-19, focusing on the antiviral therapy, guidance for home treatment and post-discharge management of patients with COVID-19.