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目的 探讨湖南省中老年人健康素养的影响因素. 方法采用多阶段抽样方法抽取湖南省6个居委会或行政村45岁及以上的居民,用中国健康教育中心编制的中国居民健康素养调查问卷,以面对面询问的方式进行入户调查,通过单因素和有序Logistic回归(Ordinal回归)分析,探讨湖南省中老年人健康素养的影响因素. 结果共调查1158人,回收有效问卷1154份,有效回收率为99.7%.单因素分析显示不同文化程度、年龄、性别、婚姻状况、月平均收入、地区和职业的居民健康素养等级构成的差异有统计学意义(均P＜0.05),其中以大专以上学历居民健康素养好的构成最高占55.2%.Ordinal回归分析显示,影响湖南省中老年健康素养的主要因素是文化程度、月平均收入、年龄和职业. 结论在制定中老年人健康教育和健康促进策略时,应关注低文化水平、低收入的居民,同时应考虑年龄和职业两个因素.

Objective To explore the influence factors of health literacy in middle-aged and elderly people in Hunan province.Methods With multi-stage randomized cluster sampling, people aged 45 years and over were selected from both urban and rural areas of six geographical regions of Hunan province, using the China residents health literacy questionnaire developed by Chinese Health Education Center, by face to face survey to get data. The influence factors were analyzed retrospectively with univariate and ordinal regression analysis.Results The 1158 persons were investigated and the valid questionnaires were 1154, the effective recovery rate was 99.7%. Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in heath literacy among different degree of education, age, gender, marital status, income, region and occupation (all P＜0.05). The results of ordinal regression analysis Showed that the major influence factors were degree of education, income,age and occupation.Conclusions The people at low levels of education or income should be concerned about health education and health promotion strategies.