摘要目的:评价不同形式的抗阻力运动对老年人肌少症治疗和预防效果。方法:计算机检索Pubmed、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、中国知网、维普和万方7个数据库，收录从建库至2023年3月发表的关于探讨阻力运动对老年人肌少症治疗和预防效果的随机对照研究。由两名研究人员进行文献检索和筛选，并独立对纳入文献进行质量评价。采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果:最终纳入12篇文献，1 018例老年人。与对照组比较，抗阻力运动可改善骨骼肌质量指数( MD＝0.34，95% CI：0.24~0.44， P<0.001)和握力( MD＝1.63，95% CI：0.73~2.53， P<0.01)及5次坐立试验时间( MD＝－1.99，95% CI：－2.48~－1.51， P<0.01)；但对肌肉质量( MD＝1.28，95% CI：－0.38~2.94， P>0.05)和膝关节伸展肌力( SMD＝1.71，95% CI：－0.51~3.93， P>0.05)及步速( MD＝0.03，95% CI：－0.03~0.08， P>0.05)改善效果不显著。 结论:抗阻力运动能改善老年人的骨骼肌质量指数和握力及5次坐立试验时间，延缓肌少症老年人骨骼肌退行性变化，对健康老年人的肌少症有预防效果。

abstractsObjective:To evaluate the effects of different types of resistance training on the treatment and prevention of sarcopenia in the elderly.Methods:A computer search was conducted in seven databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang, to identify randomized controlled trials published from the inception of the databases to March 2023, for the assessment of the preventive effects of resistance training on sarcopenia in older adults.Two reviewers independently performed the literature search, selection, and quality assessment of the included studies.A Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.3.Results:A total of 12 studies with 1018 participants were included.Compared with the control group, resistance training significantly improved the skeletal muscle mass index( MD=0.34, 95% CI: 0.24~0.44, P<0.01), grip strength( MD=1.63, 95% CI: 0.73~2.53, P<0.01), and 5 times sit-to-stand test performance( MD=-1.99, 95% CI: -2.48--1.51, P<0.01).However, there was no significant improvement observed in muscle mass( MD=1.28, 95% CI: -0.38-2.94, P>0.05), knee extensor strength( SMD=1.71, 95% CI: -0.51-3.93, P>0.05), or gait speed( MD=0.03, 95% CI: -0.03-0.08, P>0.05). Conclusions:Resistance training improves the skeletal muscle mass index, grip strength and the time taken to perform the 5 times sit-to-stand test in the elderly, thus delaying degenerative skeletal muscle changes in older adults with sarcopenia and offering a preventive effect on sarcopenia in healthy senior adults.