摘要目的 比较腹腔镜手术患儿压力控制通气和容量控制通气的效果.方法 择期行腹腔镜手术患儿30例,性别不限,年龄12～36月,ASA分级Ⅰ或Ⅱ级,体重9～15 kg,采用随机数字表法,将其随机分为2组(n=15):压力控制通气组(P组)和容量控制通气组(V组).麻醉诱导后气管插管行机械通气,P组调节麻醉机最大吸气压力使潮气量达到12 ml/kg,V组设置潮气量12 ml/kg,维持PETCO235～45mmHg.于气管插管后即刻(T0)、切皮前即刻(T1)、气腹30 min(T2)和气腹结束后15 min (T3)时,记录MAP、HR、PETCO2、分钟通气量和气道峰压,并采集动脉血样,进行血气分析,计算肺动态顺应性和生理死腔量/潮气量.结果 与V组比较,P组T1,2时PaCO2和PETCO2降低,肺动态顺应性升高,T0～3时分钟通气量和气道峰压降低(P<0.01),MAP、HR和生理死腔量/潮气量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 与容量控制通气相比,压力控制通气可更好地改善腹腔镜手术患儿肺通气效果,有利于气体交换,减少气腹对呼吸功能的影响.

abstractsObjective To compare the efficacy of pressure-controlled ventilation and volume-controlled ventilation in children undergoing laparoscopic surgery. Methods Thirty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ children of both sexes,aged 12-36 months, weighing 9-15 kg, scheduled for laparoscopic surgery, were randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 15 each): pressure-controlled ventilation group (group P) and volume-controlled ventilation group (group V) . Anesthesia was induced with propofol 2-4 mg/kg, vecuronium 0.1 mg/kg and fentanyl 2 μg/kg. The children were tracheal intubated and mechanically ventilated. The maximum inspiratory pressure was adjusted to make the tidal volume (VT ) achieve 12 ml/kg in group P and the VT was set at 12 ml/kg in group V. PETCO2 was maintained at 35-45 mm Hg. MAP, HR, PETCO2 , minute ventilation and peak airway pressure were recorded immediately after intubation (T0 ) , immediately before skin incision (T1 ) , 30 min of pneumoperitoneum (T2 ) and 15 min after the end of pneumoperitoneum (T3 ) . Arterial blood samples were taken at the same time points mentioned above for blood gas analysis. Dynamic lung compliance and physiological dead space to tidal volume ratio were calculated.Results Compared with group V, PaCO2 and PETCO2 were significantly decreased and dynamic lung compliance was significantly increased at T1,2 , and minute ventilation and peak airway pressure were significantly decreased at T0-3 in group P ( P < 0.01) . There was no significant difference in MAP, HR and physiological dead space to tidal volume ratio between the two groups ( P > 0.05) . Conclusion Compared with volume-controlled ventilation, pressure-controlled ventilation can better improve the ventilatory efficacy, is more beneficial to gas exchange and reduces the influence of pneumoperitoneum on respiratory function in children undergoing laparoscopic surgery.