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摘要通过禁水加压素试验对27例生长落后儿童进行了下丘脑-垂体后叶功能检测，并与13例尿崩症和10例正常儿童进行对照。结果表明：（1）GH缺乏、伴多饮多尿症状的生长落后儿童均为ADH严重缺乏，（2）GH缺乏、无多饮多尿症状的生长落后儿童11例中7例为潜在性ADH缺乏；（3）GH正常、伴多饮多尿症状的生长落后儿童都为ADH部分缺乏；（4）GH正常、无多饮多尿症状的生长落后儿童的下丘脑-垂体后叶功能基本正常。因此应对生长落后儿童的下丘脑-垂体后叶功能进行评价，禁水加压素试验是一种适合临床的简便、准确的方法。

abstractsResponses to water deprivation test of 27 children with growth retardation were observed in an attempt to investigate their hypothalamic-posterior pituitary function, and as control, 13 cases of diabetes insipidus and 10 normal children were tested in the meantime. The results showed: 1) All GH deficient children presenting with polyuria and polydipsia had severe ADH deficiency; 2) In 11 GH deficient children without polyuria and polydipsia, 7 were found endogenous ADH insufficient; 3) The children with short stature, polyuria and polydipsia but a normal GH secretion were partial ADH deficient; 4) Hypothalamic-posterior pituitary function of the children with short stature but normal GH secretion and without polyuria and polydipsia was normal.We conclude that growth retarded children were proved more or less insufficient of ADH, thus the posterior pituitary function of growth retarded children should be investigated as well, that water deprivation test is an accurate and simple test for this purpose.