摘要目的:分析2016—2020年中国麻风病的流行病学特征，为进一步消除麻风危害提供科学依据。方法:对2016—2020年全国（未包括香港、澳门和台湾地区）麻风病疫情监测年度报表进行数据整理和统计分析。结果:2016—2020年，全国共累计报告新发麻风病患者2 697例，其中儿童46例（1.71%）、女性894例（33.15%）、流动人口374例（13.87%）、多菌型2 443例（90.58%）和2级畸残患者546例（20.24%）；发现复发患者203例。到2020年底，全国登记现症麻风病患者1 893例，较2010年（6 032例）减少68.62%；36（1.2%）个县（市）患病率大于1/10万，新发麻风病患者中2级畸残患者72例（17.73%）。结论:2016—2020年我国麻风病报告发病率和患病率逐年稳步下降，麻风病继续保持整体低流行状态。

abstractsObjective:To analyze epidemiological characteristics of leprosy in China from 2016 to 2020, and to provide a scientific basis for further elimination of leprosy.Methods:Data collation and statistical analysis were conducted on annual reports on leprosy epidemic surveillance in China (excluding Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan regions) from 2016 to 2020.Results:From 2016 to 2020, a total of 2 697 new cases of leprosy were reported in China, including 46 (1.71%) children, 894 (33.15%) females, 374 (13.87%) floating people, 2 443 (90.58%) multibacillary cases, and 546 (20.24%) cases of grade 2 disabilities. A total of 203 relapsed cases were reported in the meantime. By the end of 2020, there had been 1 893 registered leprosy cases in China, and the number of cases was 68.62% fewer than that in 2010 (6 032 cases) ; there were 36 (1.2%) counties or cities with a prevalence rate above 1 per 100 000, and 72 (17.73%) new cases suffered from grade 2 disabilities.Conclusion:From 2016 to 2020, the reported incidence and prevalence of leprosy in China steadily decreased year by year, and overall, leprosy was still lowly prevalent.