摘要随着社会人口老龄化的到来，阿尔茨海默病（AD）给全球公共卫生系统带来了沉重的社会和经济负担。AD源性轻度认知障碍（MCI）是AD最早有临床症状的阶段，该阶段是AD早期诊断和防治最为重要的窗口期。基于近年全球在AD发病机制和诊治研究方面取得的重大进展，中华医学会神经病学分会痴呆与认知障碍学组在《阿尔茨海默病源性轻度认知障碍中国专家共识2021》的基础上进行更新和修订。通过深度查找AD源性MCI的相关文献，包括荟萃分析、系统评价、随机对照试验、队列研究等，采用改编版的证据质量和推荐分级的评估、制订与评价系统方法对证据级别及推荐等级进行分级，从流行病学、发病机制、临床表现、诊断与鉴别诊断、治疗、给医护人员的建议以及风险因素与预防7个方面对AD源性MCI的诊治提出了工作框架和专家推荐，以期为AD的规范诊断、有效干预和精准治疗提供专家共识和指导方案。

abstractsAs the global population ages, Alzheimer′s disease (AD) emerges as a substantial challenge, imposing significant mental, psychological, and socioeconomic burdens on public health worldwide. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) represents the initial clinical manifestation, eventually evolving into the distinctive features of AD (MCI due to AD). Consequently, MCI due to AD presents a pivotal opportunity for early detection, diagnosis, and prevention of AD. Building upon the advancements in AD′s pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment in recent years, the Chinese Society of Dementia and Cognitive Impairment updated and revised the Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of MCI due to AD 2021. This revision involved a comprehensive review of pertinent literature on MCI due to AD, encompassing meta-analyses, systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials, and cohort studies. The expert panel established evidence and recommendation level standards for evidence-based medicine, employing adapted recommendation rating evaluation criteria. The resulting framework and expert recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of MCI due to AD encompass 7 key aspects: epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, treatment strategies, guidance for medical professionals, risk factors and preventive measures. This initiative aims to furnish the expert consensus and guidance, facilitating early diagnosis, timely intervention, and precise treatment of AD, thereby addressing the escalating challenges posed by the aging population and the associated rise in AD prevalence.