摘要目的:证实再生外周神经接口(regenerative peripheral nerve interface, RPNI)在早期作为表面肌电信号源的可靠性及有效性。方法:通过手术分别为2例上肢截肢患者构建前臂骨间前神经和前臂骨间后神经RPNI，分别在术后1、2、3个月行超声检查，观察其肌肉结构及血运变化；行肌电图检查肌电信号变化评估移位神经肌肉功能；并于术后第3个月检测其表面肌电信号的稳定性和可靠性。结果:RPNI在术后第2个月开始即可观察到肌肉结构及血运趋于稳定，肌电图显示近混合相的肌电信号，神经传导速度及波幅趋于正常，同时体表也可采集到较为稳定、高信噪比的肌电信号。结论:构建RPNI，经缺血、再生、成熟过程可提供可靠稳定的表面肌电信号源，在肌电假肢控制方面应用前景广阔。

abstractsObjective:To confirm the reliability and effectiveness of regenerative peripheral nerve interface (RPNI) as a surface electromyographic signal source in the early stages.Methods:Two patients with upper limb amputation were treated with surgery to construct RPNIs for the anterior interosseous nerve and posterior interosseous nerve of the forearm. Ultrasound examinations were performed at 1, 2, and 3 months postoperatively to observe their muscle structure and blood flow changes. The electromyographic examination was performed to assess changes in electromyographic signals and assess the function of displaced nerves and muscles. And the stability and reliability of its surface electromyographic signal were tested at the third month after surgery.Results:RPNI can observe stable muscle structure and blood flow from the second month after surgery. The electromyography showed a nearly mixed phase electromyographic signal, the nerve conduction velocity and amplitude tended to be normal. At the same time, stable and high signal-to-noise ratio electromyographic signals could also be collected from the body surface.Conclusion:RPNI can provide a reliable and stable surface electromyographic signal source through ischemia, regeneration, and maturation processes, and has broad application prospects in electromyographic prosthetic control.