摘要目的:探讨我国6省市以社区为基础的2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者对于糖尿病肾脏病（DKD）防治知识的知晓情况，并分析影响其认知的因素。方法:2021年12月至2022年3月，使用结构化问卷对我国6省市（黑龙江省、湖北省、广东省、甘肃省、天津市和重庆市）6 230例18岁及以上2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者进行横断面调查研究。调查患者的一般情况（性别、文化程度、地域、居住地、糖尿病病程），其对于DKD防治知识（包括肾病常见症状、DKD危险因素和DKD防控措施）的知晓情况，以及对于DKD知识和技能掌握程度的自我评价。采用 χ2检验进行组间比较。 结果:在常见症状知晓方面，仅有18.15%（1 131/6 230）的患者知晓贫血和乏力这一肾病常见症状，有36.84%（2 295/6 230）的患者完全不知晓任意一个肾病常见症状；在DKD危险因素知晓方面，仅有17.61%（1 097/6 230）、16.95%（1 056/6 230）、13.34%（831/6 230）的患者对急性肾损伤、肾毒物质以及蛋白质摄入过多知晓，32.81%（2 044/6 230）的患者完全不知晓任意一个DKD的危险因素；在DKD防控措施知晓方面，仅有44.96%（2 801/6 230）、37.37%（2 328/6 230）、33.87%（2 110/6 230）、25.81%（1 608/6 230）的患者对遵医嘱规律服药、定期复查和随访、控制血压、控制血脂知晓，20.13%（1 254/6 230）的患者对于DKD防控措施完全不知晓。不同特征人群对DKD防治知识知晓情况的比较结果显示，男性、北方地区、文化程度高、糖尿病病程10年及以上患者对肾病常见症状、DKD危险因素和DKD防控措施的知晓率均更高（ P<0.05）；相比农村居民，城市居民肾病常见症状知晓率、DKD危险因素知晓率均更高（ P<0.01）。 结论:我国6省市糖尿病患者对于肾病常见症状、DKD危险因素和防控措施的知晓水平较低，并且知晓水平在不同性别、居住地、地域、文化程度和病程的糖尿病患者中存在明显差异。

abstractsObjective:To investigate the awareness of knowledge of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and related factors in six provinces in China.Methods:From December 2021 to March 2022, a cross-sectional survey study using a structured questionnaire was conducted among 6 230 type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients aged 18 years and above in six provinces in China (Heilongjiang Province, Hubei Province, Guangdong Province, Gansu Province, Tianjin City, and Chongqing City). The survey collected information on the patients′ general characteristics (gender, education level, region, residential area, and duration of diabetes), awareness of DKD prevention and treatment knowledge (including common symptoms of kidney disease, DKD risk factors, and DKD prevention and control measures), and self-assessment of DKD knowledge and skills. The Chi-square test was used for inter-group comparisons.Results:Only 18.15% (1 131/6 230) of patients were aware of anemia and fatigue as common symptoms of kidney disease, while 36.84% (2 295/6 230) had no knowledge of any common symptoms of kidney disease. In terms of awareness of DKD risk factors, only 17.61% (1 097/6 230), 16.95% (1 056/6 230), and 13.34% (831/6 230) of the respondents were aware of acute kidney injury, nephrotoxic substances, and excessive protein intake, respectively, while 32.81% (2 044/6 230) had no knowledge of any DKD risk factors. Regarding knowledge of DKD prevention and control measures, only 44.96% (2 801/6 230), 37.37% (2 328/6 230), 33.87% (2 110/6 230), and 25.81% (1 608/6 230) of patients were aware of medication adherence, regular follow-up and monitoring, blood pressure control, and lipid control, respectively, while 20.13% (1 254/6 230) had no knowledge of any DKD prevention and control measures. Comparison of the knowledge of DKD prevention and treatment among different groups showed that male patients, those from the northern regions, those with a higher level of education, and those with diabetes mellitus for 10 years or more had higher awareness rates of common symptoms, risk factors, and prevention and control measures for DKD ( P<0.05). Compared with rural residents, urban residents had higher awareness rates of common symptoms and risk factors of kidney disease ( P<0.01). Conclusions:The awareness levels of common symptoms of kidney disease, DKD risk factors, and prevention and control measures among diabetes patients in six provinces in China are relatively low, and there are significant differences in awareness levels among diabetes patients of different genders, residential areas, regions, education levels, and disease courses.