摘要目的探讨骨质疏松对骨折愈合的影响。方法选择8个月龄雌性SD大鼠24只，随机分为假手术组和卵巢切除骨质疏松组，每组12只，分别行假性手术和双侧卵巢切除术；3个月后，于股骨中部制造骨折模型，采用透射电镜对两组骨折后3、7、14、21、28和42 d骨痂进行观察。结果两组骨折愈合早期（21 d前）参与修复细胞类型，超微结构变化及细胞功能状态几乎相同；术后28 d，卵巢切除组钙化软骨骨痂仍未完全吸收和被新的编织骨取代，可见大量坏死软骨细胞包埋于钙化的软骨基质中，此后，破骨细胞性骨吸收逐渐加剧，伴骨细胞性骨溶解现象。结论骨质疏松对卵巢切除大鼠骨折愈合影响主要发生在骨折愈合后期，表现为软骨内化骨迟缓，骨改建过程中破骨细胞性骨吸收增加；骨细胞性骨溶解现象加剧了这一骨吸收过程。

abstractsObjective　To elucidate the influence of osteoporosis on the fracture healing in ovariectomized rat.　Methods　Twenty-four female 8-month-old SD rats were randomized into two groups: sham-operated (sham) (12 rats) and bilaterally ovariectomized (OVX) (12 rats). Three months later, a femoral fracture model was ostablished in both groups. We observed the healing process by transmission elcctron microscopy(TEM) at 3, 7,14, 21, 28, and 42 days after fracture.　Results　TEM findings, showed that the types of fracture healing cells, their ultrastructural changes and functional state were almost identical in both groups till 21 days after fracture. In the OVX group, the calcified cartilage was not absorbed and replaced by new woven bone. A lot of dead chondrocytes were found to be embedded in a calcified chondroid matrix in 28 days after fracture. After this period, osteoclastic bone resorption was aggravated and accompanied by osteocytic osteolysis during 28－42 days of fracture healing.　Conclusions　Osteoporosis greatly affects the fracture healing in the later period of healing. It is demonstrated that endochondral bone formation is delayed and osteoclastic bone resorption increased which was aggravated by osteocytic osteolysis during the period of bone callus remodeling.