摘要目的 评价小切13单侧固定的经椎间孔腰椎椎体间融合(TLIF)治疗下腰椎退行性疾病的中期临床疗效.方法 2004年4月至2005年12月采用旁正中入路下小切口(长约3 cm)TLIF结合单侧椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗43例下腰椎退行性疾病患者,其中男性24例,女性19例;年龄38～71岁,平均49岁.均为单节段手术,其中L3～43例,L4～527例,L5～S113例.观察手术时间、术中出血量及切口愈合情况,分析相关并发症.采用Oswestry功能障碍指数评分(ODI)和日本骨科学会评分(JOA)评价疗效,并且通过影像学检查对椎间隙不同部位高度、术后椎体间融合情况以及手术邻近节段的退变情况进行评价.结果 平均手术时间110 min,术中出血最约150 ml,手术切口均一期愈合.平均随访时间46个月,ODl分值由术前的(60±10)分下降到末次随访时(12±4)分(P<0.01),JOA分值由术前的(9.6±2.2)分提高到末次随访时(23.8±2.O)分(P<0.01),最终疗效评价优良者占86%.椎间隙腹、背侧高度均有显著提高,末次随访总融合率为94%,相邻节段影像学观察退变发生率为17%.未发现继发性脊柱侧弯,螺钉松动、断裂等情况.结论 旁正中人路下小切口TILF结合单侧椎弓根螺钉内固定治疗下腰椎退行性疾病,手术创伤小,经济方便,疗效显著.

abstractsObjective To evaluate the mid-term clinical outcomes of minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) with unilateral pedicle screw fixation for lower lumbar degenerative diseases. Methods From April 2004 to December 2005, minimally invasive TLIF through paramedian approach with unilateral pedicle screw fixation was performed in a consecutive series of 43 patients, including 24 male and 19 female, aging from 38 to 71 years, with an average age of 49 years. The length of surgical incision was 3 cm. The operation level at L3.4 were 3 cases, L4.5 27 cases,L5-S1 13 cases and no case was at multilevel. Clinical outcomes were assessed by ODI scores and JOA questionnaires before and after operation. Operation time, intraoperative blood loss, incision status and complications were recorded. Radiological examination was obtained for each patient to assess the height of intervertebral space, postoperative intervertebral fusion conditions and the degeneration of adjacent segments. Results The mean operation time was 110 minutes, the mean blood loss was 150 ml and all the incisions were healed primarily. The follow-up time ranged from 36 to 58 months. The ODI scores decreased significantly from 60 ± 10 preoperatively to 12 ±4 postoperatively(P < 0. 01). The JOA scores were improved remarkably from 9. 6±2. 2 preoperatively to 23. 8±2.0 postoperatively ( P < 0. 01 ) and the proportion with optimal effect was 86%. The ventral and dorsal heights of intervertebral disc were significantly higher than those before operation ( P < 0. 01). The fusion rate was 94%. The incidence of adjacent segment degeneration was 17%. There were no complications such as secondary scoliosis, screw loosening, internal fixation failure and cage slippage. Conclusions The minimally invasive TLIF through paramedian approach with unilateral pedicle screw fixation is an effective and convenient method with little surgical trauma. The mid-term follow up results showed favorable outcomes in patients receiving this surgery.