摘要目前，外科手术是唯一可能治愈肝门部胆管癌的手段，但其疗效尚无法令人满意，患者预后整体不佳。近年来，肝门部胆管癌的临床认知、诊断及治疗策略已有长足进步，但仍存在许多争议和焦点问题，且在临床指南中缺乏基于高级别循证医学证据的统一意见。这些问题不仅关乎手术的合理选择与患者预后，也是目前开展多中心研究异质性的主要来源。本文对相关问题进行梳理和探讨，希望为未来相关的临床研究提供思路。

abstractsFor patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma, surgical resection is their only chance of cure. However, the overall prognosis remains dismal. Inrecent years, the clinical cognition, diagnosis and treatment strategies of hilar cholangiocarcinoma have made great progress. Still, a series of controversies remain unresolved and there′s an apparent lack of high-level evidence in the current guidelines. These problems are not only related to the reasonable choice of operation and the prognosis of patients, but also account for the source of clinical heterogeneity in multicenter clinical trials. This article reviews and discusses some debatable issues with the aim toinspire future studies.