摘要目的:总结国内多个中心行腹腔镜肝门部胆管癌根治性切除患者的临床资料及近期并发症。方法:回顾性分析2015年12月至2019年8月川北医学院附属医院、河北医科大学第二医院、徐州医科大学附属医院、华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院、湖南省人民医院、陆军军医大学附属第一医院、浙江大学医学院附属邵逸夫医院、四川大学华西医院、南方医科大学南方医院、重庆医科大学附属第一医院实施腹腔镜肝门部胆管癌根治性切除的143例患者临床资料。男性92例，女性51例，年龄（64±11）岁（范围：53~72岁）。Bismuth分型：Ⅰ型38例（26.6%）、Ⅱ型19例（13.3%）、Ⅲa型15例（10.5%）、Ⅲb型28例（19.6%）、Ⅳ型43例（30.0%）。将各手术团队内手术例数≤10例（每个手术团队内前10例患者）的患者列为A组（77例），手术例数10例之后的患者列为B组（66例）；并将完成例数≥10例中心的病例设为A 1组（116例），<10例的中心设为A 2组（27例）。组间计量资料的比较采用 t检验或Wilcoxon秩和检验进行分析；组间计数资料的比较采用χ 2检验或Fisher确切概率法。生存时间采用Kaplan-Meier曲线进行分析。 结果:所有患者均在腹腔镜下顺利完成手术，手术时间为（421.3±153.4）min（范围：159~770 min），术中出血量为100~1 500 ml（中位出血量300 ml）。术后近期并发症包括胆瘘、出血、腹腔感染、胃排空延迟、肺部感染、肝功能衰竭等，术后总住院时间为（15.9±9.2）d。B组与A组相比手术时间缩短[（429.5±190.7）min比（492.3±173.1）min， t=2.063， P=0.041]、术中出血量相对减少[465 ml比200 ml, Z=2.021， P=0.043]；A组术后胆瘘及肺部感染的发生率高于B组（χ 2=4.341、0.007， P=0.037、0.047）。A 1组与A 2组相比手术时间相对缩短[（416.3±176.5）min比（498.1±190.4）min， t=2.136， P=0.034]，术后胆瘘、腹腔感染发生率较低（χ 2=7.537、3.162， P=0.006、0.046）。Kaplan-Meier生存曲线表明，A组与B组近期生存时间差异有统计学意义（ P<0.05）。 结论:随着完成例数逐步增多，手术熟练程度不断提高，以及规范化操作流程指导下，腹腔镜肝门部胆管癌的手术时间逐渐缩短。在严格选择病例前提下，由经验丰富的外科医师完成腹腔镜肝门部胆管癌根治性切除是可行的；但目前仍处于探索阶段，不建议做广泛推广。

abstractsObjective:To investigate the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic radical resection of hilar cholangiocarcinoma at multiple centers in China.Methods:Between December 2015 and August 2019, the clinical data of 143 patients who underwent LRHC in Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Affiliated Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hunan Provincial People′s Hospital, the First Hospital Affiliated to Army Medical University, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Zhejiang University, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were collected prospectively. There were 92 males and 51 females with age of (64±11) years (range: 53 to 72 years). Bismuth type: type I, 38 cases (26.6%), type Ⅱ, 19 cases (13.3%), type Ⅲa, 15 cases (10.5%), type Ⅲb, 28 cases (19.6%) and type Ⅳ, 43 cases (30.0%). The patients within the first 10 operation cases in each operation time (the first 10 patients in each operation team) were divided into group A (77 cases), and the patients after 10 cases in each operation time were classified as group B (66 cases); the cases with more than 10 cases in the center were further divided into group A 1 (116 cases), and the center with less than 10 cases was set as group A 2 (27 cases). T test or Wilcoxon test was used to compare the measurement data between groups, and the chi square test or Fisher exact probability method was used to compare the counting data between groups. Kaplan Meier curve was used for survival analysis. Results:All patients successfully completed laparoscopic procedure. The mean operation time was (421.3±153.4) minutes (range: 159 to 770 minutes), and the intraoperative blood loss was 100 to 1 500 ml (median was 300 ml) .Recent post-operative complications contained bile leakage, abdominal bleeding, abdominal infection, gastrointestinal bleeding, and delay gastric emptying, pulmonary infection, liver failure, et al.The post-operative hospital stay was (15.9±9.2) days. The operation time in group B was relatively reduced ( (429.5±190.7)minutes vs. (492.3±173.1)minutes, t=2.063, P=0.041) and the blood loss (465 ml vs. 200 ml) was also reduced ( Z=2.021, P=0.043) than that in group B. The incidence of postoperative biliary fistula and lung infection in patients in group A was significantly higher than that in group B (χ 2=4.341, 0.007; P=0.037, 0.047) .Compared with group A 2, the operation time in group A 1 was relatively reduced( (416.3±176.5)minutes vs. (498.1±190.4)minutes, t=2.136, P=0.034) , the incidence of bile leakage and abdominal cavity infection in group A 1 was lower than that in group A 2 (χ 2=7.537, 3.162; P=0.006, 0.046) . Kaplan Meier survival curve showed that the difference of short-term survival time between group A and group B was statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The completion of laparoscopic hilar cholangiocarcinoma radical surgery is based on improved surgical skills, and proficiency in standardized operation procedures.It is feasible for laparoscopic radical resection of hilar cholangiocarcinoma to well experienced surgeon with cases be strictly screened, but it is not recommended for widespread promotion at this exploratory stage.