摘要目的 探讨动态监测儿童白血病微量残留病(MRD)对指导B系急性淋巴细胞白血病(B-ALL)治疗的临床意义.方法 以2004年1月至2009年12月确诊并完成诱导治疗的81例B-ALL患儿作为研究对象.初诊时用流式细胞术(FCM)筛选白血病细胞标志,随后定时随访.结果 81例患儿中80例诱导治疗获缓解,5年无事件生存(EFS)率为(76.80±5.70)%,其中标危组(89.40±5.90)%,中危组(66.99±13.60)%.81例患儿中68例筛选出特异性白血病细胞抗原作为MRD监测标志,13例未筛选出特异性白血病细胞抗原标志,两者5年EFS率分别为(79.10 ±6.20)%和(62.50±15.10)%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).诱导治疗第35天MRD检测显示68例患儿中MRD阴性(残留白血病细胞<0.01%)52例,5年EFS率为(88.50±4.90)%;MRD阳性(残留白血病细胞≥0.01%)16例,5年EFS率为(42.10±20.10)%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),单因素分析提示MRD监测结果与危险度分层相关.诱导治疗第55天MRD监测显示,诱导第35天MRD阴性的52例患儿中,51例仍为阴性,1例阳性;而16例MRD阳性患者中14例(87.50%)转为阴性,2例仍阳性(后经加强治疗转为阴性).68例缓解患儿1年内MRD阳性9例(3例复发),1年后MRD阳性4例(2例复发),持续MRD阴性55例(4例复发).差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 动态监测B-ALL患儿MRD,可判断预后,及时调整治疗方案,具有重要临床意义.

abstractsObjective To study the clinical significance of sequentially monitoring minimal residual disease( MRD)in childhood B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia( B-ALL). Method Eighty one B-ALL cases were enrolled in the study from January 2004 to December 2009. Leukemia cell markers were detected by flow cytometry at diagnosis, then regularly followed-up. Results Of 81 cases, 80 achieved complete remission (CR) after induction therapy, 5-year event-free survival (EFS) was (76.80 ±5.70)%. Among them, the EFS was (89.40±5.90) % in standard risk group and(66.99 ±13.60)% in intermediate risk group. Eight cases were screened for leukemia markers for MRD monitoring and identified in 68; and 5-year EFS was (79. 10 ±6.20) % and (62.50 ± 15. 10) % (P>0.05, respectively). MRD detection at day 35 in induction therapy showed that 52 of 68 cases were MRD negative (leukemia cells < 0.01%), the 5-year EFS being (88. 50 ± 4. 90)% , and 16 were MRD positive (leukemia cells ≥ 0. 01% ), the 5-year EFS being (42. 10±20. 10)% (P>0. 05). Univariate analysis confirmed that there was a correlation between MRD monitoring and risk stratification. MRD detection at day 55 showed that among the 52 day 35 MRD negative cases, 51 were still negative, 1 positive, among 16 day 35 MRD positive cases, 14(87. 50% ) turned negative, 2 still positive. Of the 68 cases, 9 were MRD positive within one year after CR (3 relapsed), 4 MRD positive after one year (2 relapsed) and 55 MRD negative (4 relapsed) (P > 0.05). Conclusions Sequential monitoring MRD can find out treatment outcome and adjust therapy in time.