摘要目的:观察成人型卵黄样黄斑营养不良（AFVD）的OCT血管成像（OCTA）影像特征。方法:回顾性临床观察性研究。2018年3月至2019年5月在云南省第二人民医院眼科经眼底彩色照相、FFA、FAF及OCT等多模式影像检查手段诊断为AFVD的12例患者22只眼纳入研究。其中，男性8例16只眼，女性4例6只眼；年龄33~ 62岁，平均年龄（48.7±8.9）岁。双眼发病10例，单眼发病2例。视力0.08~ 0.6. 22只眼中，卵黄样物质较为完整8只眼，卵黄样物质内出现不同程度破裂14只眼；继发脉络膜新生血管（CNV) 10只眼。所有患者采用海德堡OCTA仪行OCTA检查。中心波长840 nm，采集速度85 000次A扫描／s，获得3 mm × 3 mm的扫描，在扫描过程中采用Eye-Tracking动眼追踪技术，选择图像质量与位置较佳的像进行标记保存。总结分析卵黄样物质、眼底血管变化及继发CNV在OCTA中的影像特征。结果:卵黄样物质较为完整的8只眼，B-scan影像可见视网膜神经上皮层下致密卵黄样物质，位于RPE层与椭圆体带之间，密度较均匀；en-face影像可见卵黄样物质处血流信号，为卵黄样物质反射上方血管的伪迹。卵黄样物质内出现不同程度破裂的14只眼，B-scan影像中视网膜椭圆体带与RPE层之间的卵黄样物质信号不均匀，可见部分弱反射信号的腔隙；en-face影像可见卵黄样物质较为完整的区域仍呈现反射上方血管的伪迹，而卵黄样物质破裂处无血流信号。22只眼中，视网膜浅层、深层毛细血管拱环区视网膜小血管形态发生异常10只眼，可见部分小血管分支走形改变，未能吻合呈完整的拱环结构；未见视网膜毛细血管造成明显结构改变12只眼。继发CNV的10只眼中，8只眼表现为粗大如"枯枝状"的非活动性CNV，2只眼表现为密集、细小血管支构成的活动性CNV。结论:AFVD在OCTA中可表现为由于卵黄样物质推挤所致的视网膜血管走形异常、卵黄样物质本身反射的血管伪迹以及卵黄样物质下方CNV的存在等影像特征。

abstractsObjective:To observe the OCT angiography (OCTA) features of adult-onset foveomacular vitelliform dystrophy (AFVD).Methods:Retrospective clinical observational study. Twelve patients (22 eyes) diagnosed as AFVD by multi-modal imaging in Ophthalmology Department of Yunnan Second People’s Hospital from March 2018 to May 2019 were included in this study. There were 8 males (16 eyes) and 4 females (6 eyes). The patients aged from 33 to 62 years, with the mean age of 48.7±8.9 years. Ten patients were binocular, 2 patients were monocular. The visual acuity was 0.08-0.6. In 22 eyes, the vitelloid-like substance was relatively complete in 8 eyes, the vitelloid-like substance had different degrees of rupture in 14 eyes, secondary choroidal neovascularization (CNV) was observed in 10 eyes. The Heidelberg OCTA instrument was used for OCTA examination. The central wavelength was 840 nm, the acquisition speed was 85,000 times/s. A 3 mm × 3 mm scan was obtained. In the scanning process, eye-tracking technology was adopted to select images with better image quality and position for marking and saving. The image characteristics of vitelloid-like substance, fundus vascular changes and secondary CNV in OCTA were analyzed.Results:In 8 eyes with a relatively complete vitelloid-like substance, B-scan images showed dense vitelloid-like substance under the retinal neurocortical layer, which was located between the RPE layer and the ellipsoid zone and had a uniform density. Blood flow signals at the vitelloid-like substance can be seen in the en-face image, which was the artifact of the vitelloid-like substance reflecting the blood vessels above. In the 14 eyes with different degrees of vitellin-like material rupture, the signal of vitellin-like substance between the ellipsoid zone and the RPE layer in the B-scan image was not uniform, and some weak reflected signal lacunae could be seen. In the image of en-face, the relatively intact areas of vitelloid-like substance still showed the artifact of the blood vessels above the reflection, while there was no blood flow signal at the rupture of vitelloid-like substance. In 22 eyes, the morphology of retinal small blood vessels in the superficial and deep capillary arch ring region of retina was abnormal in 10 eyes. Some small blood vessels could be seen to have branch and shape changes, and the anastomosis failed to show a complete arch ring structure.No significant structural changes in retinal capillaries were observed in 12 eyes. Among the 10 eyes with secondary CNV, 8 eyes showed the non-active CNV which was as thick as "wild branches", and 2 eyes showed the active CNV which was composed of dense and small vascular branches.Conclusion:AFVD in OCTA can be manifested as abnormal retinal vascular morphology caused by the vitelliform material pushing, vascular artifacts reflected by the vitelliform material itself, and the presence of CNV under the vitelliform material.