摘要准确的玻璃体、视网膜相关组织标本取材及保存方法是保证临床诊断及开展严谨基础研究的基础。玻璃体标本取材的临床用途包括微生物培养、细胞学检测、变性性疾病检测、PCR分析、液基细胞学检测细胞形态等；实验研究用途包括DNA基因分析、蛋白定量分析、代谢物检查、RNA含量定量分析、细胞因子测定等。视网膜标本取材主要用于视网膜增生膜的PCR分析、免疫组织化学染色、免疫荧光检查、微血管密度评价以及细胞分离和培养等。了解玻璃体视网膜手术标本的取材和相关检测技术、材料的应用，可为玻璃体视网膜疾病的诊断提供更全面的思路及相关基础研究提供更广泛的参考。

abstractsAccurate collection and preservation of vitreous and retina-related tissue specimens is the basis for clinical diagnosis and rigorous basic research. The clinical uses of vitreous specimens include microbial culture, cytological detection, detection of degenerative diseases, PCR analysis, and cytological detection of cell morphology. The experimental research uses include DNA gene analysis, protein quantitative analysis, metabolite examination, RNA content quantitative analysis, cytokine determination and so on. Retinal specimens collecting was mainly used for PCR analysis of retinal proliferative membrane, immunohistochemical staining, immunofluorescence examination, microvascular density evaluation, cell isolation and culture, etc. Understanding the collection of vitreoretinal surgical specimens and the application of relevant detection techniques and materials can provide a more comprehensive idea for the diagnosis of vitreoretinal diseases and a broader reference for the related basic research.