摘要特发性黄斑前膜（iERM）是一种在视网膜内表面形成的纤维细胞膜。在iERM早期阶段，临床症状通常不明显。但iERM晚期会引起不同程度的视力障碍，影响患者的生活质量。当前研究认为，iERM的发生可能与玻璃体后脱离（PVD）、年龄、性别、种族和（或）民族、不良的生活方式、屈光不正以及合并糖尿病、高胆固醇血症、心血管疾病等相关。其中，年龄和PVD是iERM最危险的因素。iERM的发病机制极其复杂。Müller细胞、透明细胞和肌成纤维细胞等多种细胞类型，神经生长因子、白细胞介素-6、转化生长因子β、血管内皮生长因子等细胞因子和生长因子，以及多种基因和蛋白均直接或间接参与了iERM的形成。但关于参与iERM发生的细胞、细胞因子和生子因子以及蛋白质等之间的具体交互作用尚不完全明确。未来需要从分子水平、基因水平进行更进一步的研究，以期为iERM的临床诊治提供更大的帮助。

abstractsIdiopathic macular membrane (iERM) is a fibrocellular membrane that forms on the inner surface of the retina. In its early stages, symptoms of iERM are usually not apparent. However, advanced iERM can cause different degrees of visual impairment and effect the quality of life of patients. Current studies suggest that iERM may be associated with posterior vitreous detachment (PVD), age, sex, race and/or ethnicity, poor lifestyle, refractive error, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and cardiovascular disease. The most well-established risk factors for iERM are age and PVD. The pathogenesis of iERM is extremely complex. Various cell types, such as Müller cells, Hyalocytes and myofibroblasts, nerve growth factor, interleukin-6, transforming growth factor β, vascular endothelial growth factor and other cytokines and growth factors, as well as a variety of genes and proteins are directly or indirectly involved in the formation of iERM, however, their exact role remains a mystery. In the future, further studies at the molecular level and gene level are needed to provide greater help for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of iERM.