摘要硅油被广泛应用于眼底病变玻璃体手术后的眼内填充，提高了患者的视网膜复位率，改善了手术后视功能。随着微创玻璃体手术时代的到来，硅油填充的使用率呈下降趋势，但硅油在复杂眼底疾病手术治疗中仍保留着不可或缺的地位。使用硅油时应严格把握适应证，充分考虑并尽量规避其潜在风险。研发具备一定生理功能的玻璃体替代物，是目前眼底病领域的研究热点。

abstractsSilicone oil is widely used in intraocular filling of fundus disease after vitrectomy, which improves retinal reattachment rate andpostoperative visual function of patients. With the era of minimally invasive vitreous surgery coming, the utilization rate of silicone oil filling is decreasing, however, it still plays an indispensable role in the surgical treatment of complex fundus diseases. In the process of using silicone oil, the indications should be strictly selected, and the potential risks should be fully considered and possibly avoided. The study of vitreous substitutes with certain physiological functions is currently a research hotspot in the field of fundus diseases.