摘要目的:观察玻璃体切割手术联合视网膜下注射阿替普酶（tPA）、玻璃体腔注射康柏西普治疗息肉样脉络膜血管病变（PCV）继发大面积黄斑下出血（SMH）的有效性和安全性。方法:回顾性临床研究。2021年1～9月于南昌大学附属眼科医院检查确诊的PCV继发大面积SMH患者32例32只眼纳入研究。大面积SMH定义为出血直径≥4个视盘直径（DD）。32例32只眼中，男性20例，女性12例；年龄（72.36±8.62）岁；均为单眼发病。出现症状至治疗时病程为（7.21±3.36）d。所有患眼均行最佳矫正视力（BCVA）、光相干断层扫描（OCT）检查。采用国际标准视力表行BCVA检查，统计时换算为最小分辨角对数（logMAR）视力。采用谱域OCT仪测量黄斑中心凹厚度（CMT）。患眼SMH大小（6.82±1.53）DD；logMAR BCVA 1.73±0.44；CMT（727.96±236.40）μm。所有患眼均行经睫状体平坦部标准三通道23G玻璃体切割手术联合视网膜下注射tPA、玻璃体腔注射康柏西普治疗。治疗后1、3、6、12个月采用治疗前相同设备和方法行相关检查。观察BCVA和CMT变化、黄斑部积血清除率以及手术中及手术后并发症发生情况。治疗前后BCVA、CMT比较采用重复测量方差分析。结果:与治疗前比较，治疗后1、3、6、12个月，患眼BCVA逐渐提高，差异有统计学意义（ F=77.402， P<0.001）；治疗后不同时间BCVA两两比较，差异均无统计学意义（ P>0.05）。相关性分析结果显示，治疗后12个月时BCVA与病程呈负相关（ r=－0.696， P<0.001）。治疗后1周，黄斑部积血完全清除30只眼（93.75%，30/32）。治疗后1、3、6、12个月，患眼CMT分别为（458.56±246.21）、（356.18±261.46）、（345.82±212.38）、（334.64±165.54）μm。与治疗前比较，治疗后CMT逐渐下降，差异有统计学意义（ F=112.480， P<0.001）；治疗前与治疗后不同随访时间CMT两两比较，差异均有统计学意义（ P<0.001）。手术中及手术后联合康柏西普治疗次数为（4.2±1.8）次。末次随访时，所有患眼未见SMH复发、视网膜层间积液及其他并发症发生。 结论:视网膜下注射tPA联合玻璃体腔注射康柏西普治疗PCV继发大面积SMH安全有效，可显著提高患者视力。

abstractsObjective:To observe the efficacy and safety of vitrectomy combined with subretinal injection of alteplase (tPA) and intravitreal injection of Conbercept in the treatment of large area submacular hemorrhage (SMH) secondary to polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV).Methods:A retrospective clinical study. From January to September 2021, 32 eyes of 32 patients with massive SMH secondary to PCV diagnosed in the Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University were included in the study. Large SMH was defined as hemorrhage diameter ≥4 optic disc diameter (DD). There were 32 patients (32 eyes), 20 males and 12 females. The mean age was (72.36±8.62) years. All patients had unilateral disease.The duration from onset of symptoms to treatment was (7.21±3.36) days. All patients underwent best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) examination. BCVA examination was performed using the international standard visual acuity chart, which was converted to the logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) visual acuity during statistics. The central macular thickness (CMT) was measured by spectral domain-OCT. The average size of SMH was (6.82±1.53) DD. The logMAR BCVA 1.73±0.44; CMT was (727.96±236.40) μm. All patients were treated with 23G pars plana vitrectomy combined with subretinal injection of tPA and intravitreal injection of Conbercept. At 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment, the same equipment and methods were used for relevant examinations before treatment. The changes of BCVA and CMT, the clearance rate of macular hemorrhage, and the complications during and after surgery were observed. BCVA and CMT before and after treatment were compared by repeated measures analysis of variance.Results:Compared with before treatment, BCVA gradually increased at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment, and the differences were statistically significant ( F=77.402, P<0.001). There was no significant difference in BCVA between any two groups at different time points after treatment ( P>0.05). Correlation analysis showed that BCVA at 12 months after treatment was negatively correlated with the course of disease ( r=-0.053, P=0.774). One week after treatment, macular hemorrhage was completely cleared in 30 eyes (93.75%, 30/32). The CMT was (458.56±246.21), (356.18±261.46), (345.82±212.38) and (334.64±165.54) μm at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment, respectively. Compared with before treatment, CMT decreased gradually after treatment, and the difference was statistically significant ( F=112.480, P<0.001). There were statistically significant differences in different follow-up time before and after treatment ( P<0.001). The number of treatments combined with Conbercept during and after surgery was (4.2±1.8) times. At the last follow-up, there was no recurrence of SMH, retinal interlamellar effusion and other complications. Conclusion:Subretinal injection of tPA combined with intravitreal injection of Conbercept is safe and effective in the treatment of large SMH secondary to PCV, and it can significantly improve the visual acuity of patients.