摘要近年来，国内微孢子虫性角膜结膜炎病例持续增多，患者确诊前常被误诊为病毒性或真菌性角膜炎，因治疗不当导致病情迁延，而临床对该疾病的认知长期不足。当前诊疗面临多重挑战：对微孢子虫生物学特性及鹦鹉接触等危险因素的认知局限，角膜结膜炎型与基质炎型的临床鉴别困难，以及缺乏统一的诊断治疗标准。我们应强化临床对危险因素患者的早期诊断意识，尽快开展多中心研究以形成规范化诊疗共识，从而提升整体诊疗水平，使患者获得及时有效治疗。

abstractsIn recent years, cases of microsporidial keratoconjunctivitis in China have been increasingly reported. Patients are often misdiagnosed as viral or fungal keratitis before confirmation, leading to prolonged disease course due to inappropriate treatment, and clinical awareness of this disease has long been insufficient. Current diagnosis and treatment face multiple challenges: limited understanding of the biological characteristics of microsporidia and risk factors such as parrot exposure, difficulty in clinical differentiation between keratoconjunctivitis and stromal keratitis types, and the absence of uniform diagnostic and therapeutic standards. It is imperative to strengthen clinical awareness of early diagnosis for patients with risk factors, promptly launch multicenter studies to establish standardized diagnostic and therapeutic consensus, so as to improve overall management and ensure patients receive timely and effective treatment.