摘要目的：的探讨儿童及青少年垂体腺瘤的临床特点及手术治疗效果。方法回顾性分析1987年12月至2014年12月北京协和医院收治的140例儿童和青少年垂体腺瘤患者的临床特点、内分泌学检查、影像学检查、肿瘤分型、手术入路、术后并发症及随访结果。结果140例中男58例（41．4％），女82例（58．6％），年龄7～18岁，平均15．5岁；其中促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）腺瘤50例（35．7％）；泌乳素（PRL）腺瘤36例（25．7％）；生长激素（GH）腺瘤17例（12．2％）；无功能腺瘤36例（25．7％）；多激素型（PRL ＋GH）腺瘤1例（0．7％）；其中，微腺瘤47例（33．6％），大腺瘤84例（60．0％），巨大腺瘤9例（6．4％）；侵袭性腺瘤27例（19．3％）；经鼻蝶窦入路手术137例（ 占97．9％），其中2例使用了术中导航，其余3例（占2．1％）为经额入路手术。肿瘤全切除131例（93．6％），次全切除9例（6．4％）；随访时间1年，其中113例（80．7％）获得完整随访，16例（14．2％）在术后1年内复发，需接受再次手术或放射治疗。结论在需要手术治疗的儿童及青少年垂体腺瘤中，ACTH 型腺瘤是最常见的亚型；经鼻蝶入路手术是儿童及青少年垂体腺瘤的主要治疗方法，儿童及青少年垂体腺瘤具有复发倾向，需要定期复查垂体 MRI 及垂体内分泌激素，复发者可行再次手术或放射治疗。

abstractsObjective To investigate the clinical characteristics and treatment of pituitary adenomas of childhood and adolescence.Methods Thisarticle was a retrospective study of 140 pituitary adenomas of childhood and adolescence that was admitted into Peking Union Medical College Hospital from December 1987 to December 2014, whose clinical manifestations, hormone secretions, images, pathological types, surgical complications and follow-ups were studied.Results A total of 58 (41.4%) males and 82 females (58.6%) were included, whose mean age was 12.5 years old (age range from 7 to 18).As for the type of tumors, ACTH adenoma, PRL adenoma, GH adenoma, non-functional adenoma and multiple-secreting adenoma accounted for 35.7%, 25.7%, 12.2%, 25.7% and 0.7%, respectively. Microadenoma accounted for 33.6% of total patients, while macroadenoma and giant adenoma accounted for 60.0% and 6.4% respectively.19.3% of adenomas in our study wereinvasive.Transsphenoidal approach surgery was commonly used and accounted for 97.9% of cases in our study, 2 of which used intraoperative navigation assistance.Total resection was achieved in 93.6% of patients, and the rest achieved subtotal resection.108 (77.1%) patients got full term follow-up until 1 year after surgery, and tumor recurred in 14 patients (13.0%).Conclusions ACTH-secreting adenoma is the most common pituitary adenoma in childhood and adolescence which need surgical treatment.Transsphenoidal approach surgery is the most commonly used surgical procedure.The recurrence rate is about 13%, and the patients need regular examination of pituitary hormones and image study to confirm the recurrence.