摘要目的 调查出生后尿不湿的使用对儿童日间尿失禁(DUI)发生率的影响.方法 对我国现阶段3～10岁儿童DUI及儿童出生后尿不湿使用等相关情况进行调查,选取河南省6个城市的30所幼儿园和小学的8 900名儿童,采用无记名调查问卷的方式进行分层抽样调查.结果 回收有效调查问卷8 560份(回收率96.2％).DUI总体发病率为3.52％,DUI发病率随年龄增长而减低(xtrend2=75.690,P＜0.001),从3岁时的6.06％下降到10岁时的1.82％.随着尿不湿使用时间延长,把尿率呈明显降低趋势(xtrend2=84.260,P＜0.001),而DUI发生率则呈显著增高趋势(xtrend2=18.824,P＜0.001).随着尿不湿使用频率的增加,DUI发生率逐渐增高(xtrend2=9.234,P＜0.01).随着把尿训练开始时间的推迟,DUI发生率逐渐增高(xtrend2=9.775,P＜0.01).多因素分析显示,尿不湿使用时间延长会增加儿童DUI的发病率(OR=1.017,95％ CI:1.006～1.027,P＜0.01),尿不湿使用频率增加会增加儿童DUI的发病率(OR=1.290,95％ CI:1.002～1.025,P＜0.05),0～6个月开始把尿训练是儿童DUI的保护因素(OR=0.529,95％ CI:0.345～0.811,P＜0.01).结论 尿不湿的使用是3～10岁儿童发生DUI的危险因素,及早开始把尿训练有助于降低儿童DUI的发生率.

abstractsObjective To investigate the relationship between the incidence of daytime urinary incontinence(DUI) and the usage of diapers.Methods The stratified sampling method was used to investigate the relationship between the incidence of DUI and the usage of diapers on children from 3 to 10 years old from 30 kindergarten and primary schools in Henan Province,China.The survey was carried out in the way of anonymous questionnaire.Results A total of 8 560 qualified questionnaires (96.2％) were collected and used for statistical analysis.The overall incidence of DUI was 3.52％.With the age increasing,the incidence of DUI was decreased (xtrend2 =75.690,P ＜ 0.001) from 6.06％ for 3 years old children to 1.82％ for 10 years old children.With the time of usage diapers increased,the rate of urination training was significantly reduced(xtrend2 =84.260,P ＜ 0.001),and the incidence of DUI was significantly increased(xtrend2 =18.824,P ＜ 0.001).With the increase of using diapers,the incidence of DUI increased (xtrend2 =9.234,P ＜ 0.01).With the delay of the starting time of urination training,the incidence of DUI was increasing(xtrend2 =9.775,P ＜ 0.01).Logistic regression analysis showed that the increase of time of using diapers(OR =1.017,95％ CI:1.006-1.027,P ＜ 0.01) and the increase of frequency of using diapers (OR =1.290,95％ CI:1.002-1.025,P ＜ 0.05) contribute to DUI significantly.Urination training starts from 0 to 6 months was a protective factor against DUI(OR =0.529,95％ CI:0.345-0.811,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The usage of diapers is the risk factor of DUI.It's better to start urination training earlier to help reduce the incidence of DUI in children.