摘要急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）的本质病理生理特征是气体交换功能障碍，评估气体交换功能可反映ARDS的严重程度，同时也是指导个体化机械通气治疗以及效果评估的重要指标。常用的气体交换功能评估方法主要包括多重惰性气体消除技术、自动肺参数估计系统、胸电阻抗断层成像技术和单光子发射计算机断层技术。但目前床旁可用的技术及改善ARDS患者气体交换功能的措施仍然有限，因此改进和推广床旁实时气体交换功能监测技术将有可能实现ARDS个体化医疗的目标。本文对目前常用的ARDS气体交换功能评估方式以及意义进行阐述，以期提高对评估ARDS气体交换功能的重视，进一步改善此类患者的预后。

abstractsGas exchange abnormalities is the pathophysiology characteristic of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The severity of gas exchange abnormalities not only reflect the severity and outcome of the disease, but could also be an important index to guide individual mechanical ventilation settings and evaluate the therapeutic effects of inhaled vasodilator. The common techniques to measure gas exchange include multiple inert gas elimination technique, automatic lung parameter estimator, electrical impedance tomography, and single-photon emission CT. Nowadays, bedside techniques and measurements for improving gas exchange function in ARDS patients are still limited. Therefore, the improvement and promotion of bedside real-time gas exchange monitoring technology may achieve the goal of personalized medicine in ARDS. This article reviewed the common evaluation methods of gas exchange function in ARDS and their significance, in order to pay more attention to the evaluation of gas exchange function and further improve the prognosis of patients with ARDS.