检索历史 清除

目的 探讨中国恶性肿瘤死亡水平及其变化趋势,为我国肿瘤防治研究以及效果评价提供参考依据.方法 根据中国肿瘤登记中心1989-2008年登记资料,按性别、地区划分,计算1989-2008年恶性肿瘤死亡率、标化死亡率.采用Joinpoint软件估计死亡率的年度变化百分比(APC),分析恶性肿瘤死亡率的变化趋势,并与美国死亡率趋势进行比较.结果 中国肿瘤登记地区1989年死亡率为156.93/10万,2008年上升至184.67/10万；世界人口标化死亡率(世标率)由131.33/10万(1989年)下降至114.32/10万(2008年).1989年男性死亡率为187.05/10万,2008年上升至228.14/10万；1989年男性世标率为171.17/10万,2008年降至149.91/10万.1989年女性死亡率为125.70/10万,低于同时期男性死亡率,2008年女性死亡率上升至140.48/10万；女性世标率由97.67/10万(1989年)下降至81.92/10万.我国恶性肿瘤死亡率男性高于女性、农村高于城市.1989-2008年恶性肿瘤粗死亡率每年以1.0％速度递增；经年龄标化后,恶性肿瘤死亡率每年以1.2％的速度递减.在城市地区,肺癌居恶性肿瘤死亡谱第1位,而在农村地区胃癌居恶性肿瘤死亡谱之首.近20年我国肺癌、结直肠癌和乳腺癌呈明显上升趋势,而城市地区胃癌、食管癌死亡率略有下降.我国男性恶性肿瘤死亡率显著高于同一时期美国死亡率,而女性恶性肿瘤死亡率下降趋势也不如美国明显.结论 恶性肿瘤仍是影响我国居民身体健康的重大疾病,近20年来,我国恶性肿瘤粗死亡率呈上升趋势,而世标率略有下降.

Objective Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in China.The study aimed to examine the temporal trend of cancer mortality rate during 1989-2008 in urban and rural areas of China.Methods The mortality data of all cancers from 1989 to 2008 from National Cancer Registry database were sorted and checked.Age standardized mortality rates were calculated by the direct methods using the China population of 1982 and World Segi's population.Joinpoint regression was performed to obtain the annual percentage changes (APC) in mortality rates.The top ten cancer sites were calculated and analyzed.The mortality rates were compared with statistics of the United States.Results From 1989 to 2008,the trend of crude cancer mortality increased with an annual percentage change (APC) of 1.0％. After age standardization,the mortality rate was significantly decreased,with an APC of-1.2％.In urban areas,lung cancer was the most common cancer of death,whereas in rural areas,stomach cancer and esophageal cancer remained top cancers of death.Especially,in both urban and rural areas,the mortality of lung cancer was on increase.The mortality rates of stomach and esophageal cancers showed a decrease in urban areas.Compared with the cancer mortality rates of the United States,the Chinese cancer mortality rate in males remained highest.The decreasing trend of cancer mortality in females of China was le~ obvious than that of the United States.Conclusions The crude mortality rates of cancer in China show an increase whereas the age standardized mortality raters has declined between 1989 and 2008.Cancer is still a major public health issue threatening people's life in China.Effective intervention for cancer control and prevention is needed in the future.