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摘要Objective: To investigate the effects of long-term low dose hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on postmenopausal women in hormone level, cognition scores, hippocampus volume, and MRS parameters.<br>　　Methods: A total of 182 postmenopausal women aged 50-87 years were chosen at Peking Union Medical College Hospital and randomly assigned to HRT group and control group. The volunteers of HRT group had taken a 1/2-1/4 dose for 4-33 years. The concentrations of estradiol (E2), progesterone, and testosterone were measured through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The gene types of (ApoE) were measured through polymerase chain reaction after DNA was extracted from the white blood cells, and the subjects with susceptible genes (ApoEε3/ε4) of Alzheimer's disease (AD) were screened. Their hippocampus volumes and MRS parameters were obtained through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and results in two groups were analyzed by statistical method.