Use of Causal Diagrams to Inform the Design and Interpretation of Observational Studies: An Example from the Study of Heart and Renal Protection (SHARP).

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第一作者： Natalie,Staplin

第一单位： Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, and.

作者： Natalie,Staplin ^[1] ; William G,Herrington ^[1] ; Parminder K,Judge ^[2] ; Christina A,Reith ^[1] ; Richard,Haynes ^[2] ; Martin J,Landray ^[1] ; Colin,Baigent ^[2] ; Jonathan,Emberson ^[1]

作者单位： Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, and. ^[1] Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, and.;Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom. ^[2]

关键词 Bias (Epidemiology)Chronic Epidemiology and outcomes Kidney Failure Motivation Renal Insufficiency Selection Bias Smoking causal diagrams kidney observational studies

主题词数据说明, 统计(Data Interpretation, Statistical);人类(Humans);肾功能衰竭, 慢性(Kidney Failure, Chronic);研究设计(Research Design);吸烟(Smoking)

DOI 10.2215/CJN.02430316

PMID 27553952

发布时间 2023-08-13

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