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Pathological risk factors for metastatic disease at presentation in testicular seminomas with focus on the recent pT changes in AJCC TNM eighth edition.

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第一作者： Glenda,Scandura

第一单位： Department of Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK. Electronic address: g.scandura@qmul.ac.uk.

作者： Glenda,Scandura ^[1] ; Thomas,Wagner ^[2] ; Luis,Beltran ^[3] ; Constantine,Alifrangis ^[4] ; Jonathan,Shamash ^[4] ; Daniel M,Berney ^[5]

作者单位： Department of Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK. Electronic address: g.scandura@qmul.ac.uk. ^[1] Medical Oncology, Barts Health NHS Trust, West Smithfield, EC1A 7BE, London, UK. ^[2] Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. ^[3] Department of Cellular Pathology, Barts Health NHS Trust, Royal London Hospital, Whitechapel, London, E1 1BB, UK. ^[4] Department of Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, John Vane Science Centre, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK. ^[5]

关键词 Epididymis invasion Seminoma Staging TNM classification Testicular germ cell tumors Tumor size