Radiation therapy before radical cystectomy combined with immunotherapy in locally advanced bladder cancer - study protocol of a prospective, single arm, multicenter phase II trial (RACE IT).

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作者： Sebastian C,Schmid ^[1] ; Florestan J,Koll ^[2] ; Claus,Rödel ^[3] ; Philipp,Maisch ^[2] ; Andreas,Sauter ^[4] ; Franziska,Beckert ^[2] ; Anna,Seitz ^[5] ; Hubert,Kübler ^[5] ; Michael,Flentje ^[6] ; Felix,Chun ^[7] ; Stephanie E,Combs ^[8] ; Kilian,Schiller ^[9] ; Jürgen E,Gschwend ^[8] ; Margitta,Retz ^[9]

作者单位： Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Rechts der Isar Medical Center, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675, Munich, Germany. sebastian.schmid@tum.de. ^[1] Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Rechts der Isar Medical Center, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675, Munich, Germany. ^[2] Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany. ^[3] Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, School of Medicine, Rechts der Isar Medical Center, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany. ^[4] Department of Urology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany. ^[5] Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany. ^[6] Department of Urology, University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany. ^[7] Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Rechts der Isar Medical Center, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany. ^[8] Helmholtz Zentrum München (HMGU), Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (NeoDKTK) Partner Site Munich, Oberschleißheim, Germany. ^[9]

关键词 Bladder cancer Checkpoint inhibitor Immunotherapy Locally advanced Nivolumab PD-1 inhibitor Radical cystectomy Radiotherapy Transitional cell carcinoma Urothelial cancer