Late orbital radiotherapy combined with intravenous methylprednisolone in the management of long-lasting active graves' orbitopathy: a case report and literature review.

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作者： Martina,Verrienti ^[1] ; Irene,Gagliardi ^[1] ; Luisa,Valente ^[2] ; Antonio,Stefanelli ^[3] ; Luca,Borgatti ^[4] ; Elena,Franco ^[5] ; Manlio,Galiè ^[2] ; Marta,Bondanelli ^[1] ; Maria Chiara,Zatelli ^[1] ; Maria Rosaria,Ambrosio ^[6]

作者单位： Section of Endocrinology, Geriatrics & Internal Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy. ^[1] Unit of Cranio Maxillo Facial Surgery, Center for Craniofacial Deformities & Orbital Surgery-Reference Center for Rare Disease, St. Anna University Hospital of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy. ^[2] Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Anna University Hospital of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy. ^[3] Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, St. Anna University Hospital of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy. ^[4] Operational Unit of Ophthalmology, St. Anna University Hospital of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy. ^[5] Section of Endocrinology, Geriatrics & Internal Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy. mbrmrs@unife.it. ^[6]

关键词 Disease activity Graves’ orbitopathy Intravenous methylprednisolone Late orbital radiotherapy VMAT-IGRT