Anatomical and histological classification of the stellate ganglion: implications for clinical nerve blocks.

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作者： Rarinthorn,Samrid ^[1] ; Mona,King ^[2] ; Jacie,Pujol ^[2] ; Miguel Angel,Reina ^[3] ; Joe,Iwanaga ^[4] ; R Shane,Tubbs ^[5]

作者单位： Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand. rarisa@kku.ac.th.;Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, 131 S. Robertson St. Suite 1300, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA. rarisa@kku.ac.th. ^[1] Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA. ^[2] Department of Anesthesiology, CEU-San Pablo University School of Medicine, Madrid-Montepríncipe University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.;Department of Anesthesiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA. ^[3] Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, 131 S. Robertson St. Suite 1300, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.;Department of Neurology, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.;Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.;Department of Neurosurgery and Ochsner Neuroscience Institute, Ochsner Health System, New Orleans, LA, USA.;Dental and Oral Medical Center, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan.;Division of Gross and Clinical Anatomy, Department of Anatomy, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan. ^[4] Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, 131 S. Robertson St. Suite 1300, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.;Department of Neurology, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.;Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.;Department of Neurosurgery and Ochsner Neuroscience Institute, Ochsner Health System, New Orleans, LA, USA.;Department of Anatomical Sciences, St. George's University, St. George's, Grenada.;Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.;University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia. ^[5]

关键词 Anatomy Cervicothoracic ganglion Histology Horner’s syndrome Nerve blockade Sympathetic