首页> Scientific reports> Employing feedforward backpropagated neural network for Doppler scale estimation in underwater acoustic CP-OFDM communication.

Employing feedforward backpropagated neural network for Doppler scale estimation in underwater acoustic CP-OFDM communication.

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第一作者： Muhammad,Muzzammil

第一单位： National Key Laboratory of Underwater Acoustic Technology, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 15001, China.;Key Laboratory of Marine Information Acquisition and Security (Harbin Engineering University), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Harbin, 150001, China.;College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, China.

作者： Muhammad,Muzzammil ^[1] ; Shahzad,Saleem ^[2] ; Niaz,Ahmed ^[3] ; Gang,Qiao ^[1] ; Ayman,Alharbi ^[4]

作者单位： National Key Laboratory of Underwater Acoustic Technology, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 15001, China.;Key Laboratory of Marine Information Acquisition and Security (Harbin Engineering University), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Harbin, 150001, China.;College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, 150001, China. ^[1] Department of Electrical Engineering, National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Islamabad Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan. ^[2] Department of Electrical Engineering, National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Islamabad Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan. niaz.ahmed@nu.edu.pk. ^[3] Computer and Network Engineering Department, College of Computing, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia. ^[4]

关键词 Conjugate gradient Doppler scale factor Feedforward neural network Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing Underwater acoustic communication

DOI 10.1038/s41598-025-27808-x

PMID 41387493

发布时间 2025-12-15

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