摘要Malignant pleural mesothelioma(MPM)is an aggressive and rare disease,mainly due to asbestos exposure,characterized by a poor prognosis.For almost two decades,platinum-based chemotherapy has been the only approved therapeutic regimen for first-line MPM,with an overall survival of 12 months.In the last years,the therapeutic scenario of different tumor types,including MPM,has dramatically changed due to immune checkpoint inhibition.The promising results of this approach have promoted new efforts into clinical research,and many trials investigating novel therapeutic combinations are currently ongoing.The aim of the present review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the most promising immunotherapeutic-based strategies currently under investigation for advanced MPM.