摘要Rabies remains a serious public health problem worldwide with high mortality, leading to almost 55,000 deaths per year with Asia accounting for approximately 80% of the worldwide total[1]. China has the second highest rate of human rabies in Asia,which was among the top three causes of human death due to infectious diseases in the country.Although rabies vaccines are widely used, human rabies cases remain high in recent years[2].Immunizations of animals with rabies virus vaccines and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) have proved to be the most important measures for rabies prevention and control. Appropriate PEP with reliable vaccines and a scientific regimen is thought to be most important measure to ensure patient survival in humans. In 2007, China CDC published treatment guidelines for rabies PEP of humans based on the WHO criteria.