摘要脐血是骨髓和外周血干细胞以外的新的干细胞主要来源，脐血移植特别是非血缘脐血移植( UCBT)的数量逐年增加。UCBT存在的主要问题在于脐血的造血干/祖细胞(HSC/HPC)数量少，可能导致植入延迟或植入失败。临床上采用多种方法来提高脐血HSC/HPC的数量，包括双份脐血输注、减低强度的预处理、体内体外扩增脐血细胞、同时输注单倍体血缘供者CD34+细胞或间充质干细胞( MSC)、或将脐血细胞直接注入骨髓等，取得了良好的疗效。UCBT将会成为更多患者的治疗选择。

abstractsCord blood is the main source of stem cell outside of bone marrow and peripheral blood, and cord blood transplantation, especially unrelated cord blood transplantation (UCBT) has been widely used. The major challenges in UCBT are delayed engraftment and graft rejection. Many approaches have been investigated to enhance collection of HSC and HPC in cord blood units, sinduding use of double unit UCBT, adopt reduced intensity conditioning (RIC) approach, amplification of cord blood cells in vivo or ex vivo, and co-infusion with a haploidentical T cell depleted graft or mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), or injecting cord blood cells directly into the bone marrow. Those approaches may greatly increase the clinical use of cord blood cells for transplantation.