摘要The current anesthetic standard for laryngoscopy in rats utilizes injectable intraperi-toneal anesthesia.Injectable anesthesia is suboptimal for short procedures due to variability in anesthesia duration and anesthetic side effects.Conversely,inhalational gas anesthesia offers precise titration with a rapid onset and offset.However,its use during laryngoscopy has not been documented due to existing administration tech-niques obstructing direct visualization of the larynx.The technique described here al-lows real-time visualization of the rat larynx with concurrent administration of inhaled anesthetic gas.This method is particularly well-suited for recurrent laryngeal nerve or vocal fold pathology studies,where repeat visualization of the larynx is necessary.